add recommended libs

2026-04-15 19:56:35 +02:00
1 parent bd882a45c0
commit ba24e8258a
@@ -0,0 +1,384 @@
+#include <Adafruit_BusIO_Register.h>
+
+#if !defined(SPI_INTERFACES_COUNT) ||                                          \
+    (defined(SPI_INTERFACES_COUNT) && (SPI_INTERFACES_COUNT > 0))
+
+/*!
+ *    @brief  Create a register we access over an I2C Device (which defines the
+ * bus and address)
+ *    @param  i2cdevice The I2CDevice to use for underlying I2C access
+ *    @param  reg_addr The address pointer value for the I2C/SMBus register, can
+ * be 8 or 16 bits
+ *    @param  width    The width of the register data itself, defaults to 1 byte
+ *    @param  byteorder The byte order of the register (used when width is > 1),
+ * defaults to LSBFIRST
+ *    @param  address_width The width of the register address itself, defaults
+ * to 1 byte
+ */
+Adafruit_BusIO_Register::Adafruit_BusIO_Register(Adafruit_I2CDevice *i2cdevice,
+                                                 uint16_t reg_addr,
+                                                 uint8_t width,
+                                                 uint8_t byteorder,
+                                                 uint8_t address_width) {
+  _i2cdevice = i2cdevice;
+  _spidevice = nullptr;
+  _addrwidth = address_width;
+  _address = reg_addr;
+  _byteorder = byteorder;
+  _width = width;
+}
+
+/*!
+ *    @brief  Create a register we access over an SPI Device (which defines the
+ * bus and CS pin)
+ *    @param  spidevice The SPIDevice to use for underlying SPI access
+ *    @param  reg_addr The address pointer value for the SPI register, can
+ * be 8 or 16 bits
+ *    @param  type     The method we use to read/write data to SPI (which is not
+ * as well defined as I2C)
+ *    @param  width    The width of the register data itself, defaults to 1 byte
+ *    @param  byteorder The byte order of the register (used when width is > 1),
+ * defaults to LSBFIRST
+ *    @param  address_width The width of the register address itself, defaults
+ * to 1 byte
+ */
+Adafruit_BusIO_Register::Adafruit_BusIO_Register(Adafruit_SPIDevice *spidevice,
+                                                 uint16_t reg_addr,
+                                                 Adafruit_BusIO_SPIRegType type,
+                                                 uint8_t width,
+                                                 uint8_t byteorder,
+                                                 uint8_t address_width) {
+  _spidevice = spidevice;
+  _spiregtype = type;
+  _i2cdevice = nullptr;
+  _addrwidth = address_width;
+  _address = reg_addr;
+  _byteorder = byteorder;
+  _width = width;
+}
+
+/*!
+ *    @brief  Create a register we access over an I2C or SPI Device. This is a
+ * handy function because we can pass in nullptr for the unused interface,
+ * allowing libraries to mass-define all the registers
+ *    @param  i2cdevice The I2CDevice to use for underlying I2C access, if
+ * nullptr we use SPI
+ *    @param  spidevice The SPIDevice to use for underlying SPI access, if
+ * nullptr we use I2C
+ *    @param  reg_addr The address pointer value for the I2C/SMBus/SPI register,
+ * can be 8 or 16 bits
+ *    @param  type     The method we use to read/write data to SPI (which is not
+ * as well defined as I2C)
+ *    @param  width    The width of the register data itself, defaults to 1 byte
+ *    @param  byteorder The byte order of the register (used when width is > 1),
+ * defaults to LSBFIRST
+ *    @param  address_width The width of the register address itself, defaults
+ * to 1 byte
+ */
+Adafruit_BusIO_Register::Adafruit_BusIO_Register(
+    Adafruit_I2CDevice *i2cdevice, Adafruit_SPIDevice *spidevice,
+    Adafruit_BusIO_SPIRegType type, uint16_t reg_addr, uint8_t width,
+    uint8_t byteorder, uint8_t address_width) {
+  _spidevice = spidevice;
+  _i2cdevice = i2cdevice;
+  _spiregtype = type;
+  _addrwidth = address_width;
+  _address = reg_addr;
+  _byteorder = byteorder;
+  _width = width;
+}
+
+/*!
+ * @brief Create a register we access over a GenericDevice
+ * @param genericdevice Generic device to use
+ * @param reg_addr Register address we will read/write
+ * @param width Width of the register in bytes (1-4)
+ * @param byteorder Byte order of register data (LSBFIRST or MSBFIRST)
+ * @param address_width Width of the register address in bytes (1 or 2)
+ */
+Adafruit_BusIO_Register::Adafruit_BusIO_Register(
+    Adafruit_GenericDevice *genericdevice, uint16_t reg_addr, uint8_t width,
+    uint8_t byteorder, uint8_t address_width) {
+  _i2cdevice = nullptr;
+  _spidevice = nullptr;
+  _genericdevice = genericdevice;
+  _addrwidth = address_width;
+  _address = reg_addr;
+  _byteorder = byteorder;
+  _width = width;
+}
+
+/*!
+ *    @brief  Write a buffer of data to the register location
+ *    @param  buffer Pointer to data to write
+ *    @param  len Number of bytes to write
+ *    @return True on successful write (only really useful for I2C as SPI is
+ * uncheckable)
+ */
+bool Adafruit_BusIO_Register::write(uint8_t *buffer, uint8_t len) {
+  uint8_t addrbuffer[2] = {(uint8_t)(_address & 0xFF),
+                           (uint8_t)(_address >> 8)};
+  if (_i2cdevice) {
+    return _i2cdevice->write(buffer, len, true, addrbuffer, _addrwidth);
+  }
+  if (_spidevice) {
+    if (_spiregtype == ADDRESSED_OPCODE_BIT0_LOW_TO_WRITE) {
+      // very special case!
+      // pass the special opcode address which we set as the high byte of the
+      // regaddr
+      addrbuffer[0] =
+          (uint8_t)(_address >> 8) & ~0x01; // set bottom bit low to write
+      // the 'actual' reg addr is the second byte then
+      addrbuffer[1] = (uint8_t)(_address & 0xFF);
+      // the address appears to be a byte longer
+      return _spidevice->write(buffer, len, addrbuffer, _addrwidth + 1);
+    }
+    if (_spiregtype == ADDRBIT8_HIGH_TOREAD) {
+      addrbuffer[0] &= ~0x80;
+    }
+    if (_spiregtype == ADDRBIT8_HIGH_TOWRITE) {
+      addrbuffer[0] |= 0x80;
+    }
+    if (_spiregtype == AD8_HIGH_TOREAD_AD7_HIGH_TOINC) {
+      addrbuffer[0] &= ~0x80;
+      addrbuffer[0] |= 0x40;
+    }
+    return _spidevice->write(buffer, len, addrbuffer, _addrwidth);
+  }
+  if (_genericdevice) {
+    return _genericdevice->writeRegister(addrbuffer, _addrwidth, buffer, len);
+  }
+  return false;
+}
+
+/*!
+ *    @brief  Write up to 4 bytes of data to the register location
+ *    @param  value Data to write
+ *    @param  numbytes How many bytes from 'value' to write
+ *    @return True on successful write (only really useful for I2C as SPI is
+ * uncheckable)
+ */
+bool Adafruit_BusIO_Register::write(uint32_t value, uint8_t numbytes) {
+  if (numbytes == 0) {
+    numbytes = _width;
+  }
+  if (numbytes > 4) {
+    return false;
+  }
+
+  // store a copy
+  _cached = value;
+
+  for (int i = 0; i < numbytes; i++) {
+    if (_byteorder == LSBFIRST) {
+      _buffer[i] = value & 0xFF;
+    } else {
+      _buffer[numbytes - i - 1] = value & 0xFF;
+    }
+    value >>= 8;
+  }
+  return write(_buffer, numbytes);
+}
+
+/*!
+ *    @brief  Read data from the register location. This does not do any error
+ * checking!
+ *    @return Returns 0xFFFFFFFF on failure, value otherwise
+ */
+uint32_t Adafruit_BusIO_Register::read(void) {
+  if (!read(_buffer, _width)) {
+    return -1;
+  }
+
+  uint32_t value = 0;
+
+  for (int i = 0; i < _width; i++) {
+    value <<= 8;
+    if (_byteorder == LSBFIRST) {
+      value |= _buffer[_width - i - 1];
+    } else {
+      value |= _buffer[i];
+    }
+  }
+
+  return value;
+}
+
+/*!
+ *    @brief  Read cached data from last time we wrote to this register
+ *    @return Returns 0xFFFFFFFF on failure, value otherwise
+ */
+uint32_t Adafruit_BusIO_Register::readCached(void) { return _cached; }
+
+/*!
+   @brief Read a number of bytes from a register into a buffer
+   @param buffer Buffer to read data into
+   @param len Number of bytes to read into the buffer
+   @return true on successful read, otherwise false
+*/
+bool Adafruit_BusIO_Register::read(uint8_t *buffer, uint8_t len) {
+  uint8_t addrbuffer[2] = {(uint8_t)(_address & 0xFF),
+                           (uint8_t)(_address >> 8)};
+  if (_i2cdevice) {
+    return _i2cdevice->write_then_read(addrbuffer, _addrwidth, buffer, len);
+  }
+  if (_spidevice) {
+    if (_spiregtype == ADDRESSED_OPCODE_BIT0_LOW_TO_WRITE) {
+      // very special case!
+      // pass the special opcode address which we set as the high byte of the
+      // regaddr
+      addrbuffer[0] =
+          (uint8_t)(_address >> 8) | 0x01; // set bottom bit high to read
+      // the 'actual' reg addr is the second byte then
+      addrbuffer[1] = (uint8_t)(_address & 0xFF);
+      // the address appears to be a byte longer
+      return _spidevice->write_then_read(addrbuffer, _addrwidth + 1, buffer,
+                                         len);
+    }
+    if (_spiregtype == ADDRBIT8_HIGH_TOREAD) {
+      addrbuffer[0] |= 0x80;
+    }
+    if (_spiregtype == ADDRBIT8_HIGH_TOWRITE) {
+      addrbuffer[0] &= ~0x80;
+    }
+    if (_spiregtype == AD8_HIGH_TOREAD_AD7_HIGH_TOINC) {
+      addrbuffer[0] |= 0x80 | 0x40;
+    }
+    return _spidevice->write_then_read(addrbuffer, _addrwidth, buffer, len);
+  }
+  if (_genericdevice) {
+    return _genericdevice->readRegister(addrbuffer, _addrwidth, buffer, len);
+  }
+  return false;
+}
+
+/*!
+ *    @brief  Read 2 bytes of data from the register location
+ *    @param  value Pointer to uint16_t variable to read into
+ *    @return True on successful write (only really useful for I2C as SPI is
+ * uncheckable)
+ */
+bool Adafruit_BusIO_Register::read(uint16_t *value) {
+  if (!read(_buffer, 2)) {
+    return false;
+  }
+
+  if (_byteorder == LSBFIRST) {
+    *value = _buffer[1];
+    *value <<= 8;
+    *value |= _buffer[0];
+  } else {
+    *value = _buffer[0];
+    *value <<= 8;
+    *value |= _buffer[1];
+  }
+  return true;
+}
+
+/*!
+ *    @brief  Read 1 byte of data from the register location
+ *    @param  value Pointer to uint8_t variable to read into
+ *    @return True on successful write (only really useful for I2C as SPI is
+ * uncheckable)
+ */
+bool Adafruit_BusIO_Register::read(uint8_t *value) {
+  if (!read(_buffer, 1)) {
+    return false;
+  }
+
+  *value = _buffer[0];
+  return true;
+}
+
+/*!
+ *    @brief  Pretty printer for this register
+ *    @param  s The Stream to print to, defaults to &Serial
+ */
+void Adafruit_BusIO_Register::print(Stream *s) {
+  uint32_t val = read();
+  s->print("0x");
+  s->print(val, HEX);
+}
+
+/*!
+ *    @brief  Pretty printer for this register
+ *    @param  s The Stream to print to, defaults to &Serial
+ */
+void Adafruit_BusIO_Register::println(Stream *s) {
+  print(s);
+  s->println();
+}
+
+/*!
+ *    @brief  Create a slice of the register that we can address without
+ * touching other bits
+ *    @param  reg The Adafruit_BusIO_Register which defines the bus/register
+ *    @param  bits The number of bits wide we are slicing
+ *    @param  shift The number of bits that our bit-slice is shifted from LSB
+ */
+Adafruit_BusIO_RegisterBits::Adafruit_BusIO_RegisterBits(
+    Adafruit_BusIO_Register *reg, uint8_t bits, uint8_t shift) {
+  _register = reg;
+  _bits = bits;
+  _shift = shift;
+}
+
+/*!
+ *    @brief  Read 4 bytes of data from the register
+ *    @return  data The 4 bytes to read
+ */
+uint32_t Adafruit_BusIO_RegisterBits::read(void) {
+  uint32_t val = _register->read();
+  val >>= _shift;
+  return val & ((1 << (_bits)) - 1);
+}
+
+/*!
+ *    @brief  Write 4 bytes of data to the register
+ *    @param  data The 4 bytes to write
+ *    @return True on successful write (only really useful for I2C as SPI is
+ * uncheckable)
+ */
+bool Adafruit_BusIO_RegisterBits::write(uint32_t data) {
+  uint32_t val = _register->read();
+
+  // mask off the data before writing
+  uint32_t mask = (1 << (_bits)) - 1;
+  data &= mask;
+
+  mask <<= _shift;
+  val &= ~mask;          // remove the current data at that spot
+  val |= data << _shift; // and add in the new data
+
+  return _register->write(val, _register->width());
+}
+
+/*!
+ *    @brief  The width of the register data, helpful for doing calculations
+ *    @returns The data width used when initializing the register
+ */
+uint8_t Adafruit_BusIO_Register::width(void) { return _width; }
+
+/*!
+ *    @brief  Set the default width of data
+ *    @param width the default width of data read from register
+ */
+void Adafruit_BusIO_Register::setWidth(uint8_t width) { _width = width; }
+
+/*!
+ *    @brief  Set register address
+ *    @param address the address from register
+ */
+void Adafruit_BusIO_Register::setAddress(uint16_t address) {
+  _address = address;
+}
+
+/*!
+ *    @brief  Set the width of register address
+ *    @param address_width the width for register address
+ */
+void Adafruit_BusIO_Register::setAddressWidth(uint16_t address_width) {
+  _addrwidth = address_width;
+}
+
+#endif // SPI exists
@@ -0,0 +1,117 @@
+#ifndef Adafruit_BusIO_Register_h
+#define Adafruit_BusIO_Register_h
+
+#include <Arduino.h>
+
+#if !defined(SPI_INTERFACES_COUNT) ||                                          \
+    (defined(SPI_INTERFACES_COUNT) && (SPI_INTERFACES_COUNT > 0))
+
+#include <Adafruit_GenericDevice.h>
+#include <Adafruit_I2CDevice.h>
+#include <Adafruit_SPIDevice.h>
+
+typedef enum _Adafruit_BusIO_SPIRegType {
+  ADDRBIT8_HIGH_TOREAD = 0,
+  /*!<
+   * ADDRBIT8_HIGH_TOREAD
+   * When reading a register you must actually send the value 0x80 + register
+   * address to the device. e.g. To read the register 0x0B the register value
+   * 0x8B is sent and to write 0x0B is sent.
+   */
+  AD8_HIGH_TOREAD_AD7_HIGH_TOINC = 1,
+
+  /*!<
+   * ADDRBIT8_HIGH_TOWRITE
+   * When writing to a register you must actually send the value 0x80 +
+   * the register address to the device. e.g. To write to the register 0x19 the
+   * register value 0x99 is sent and to read 0x19 is sent.
+   */
+  ADDRBIT8_HIGH_TOWRITE = 2,
+
+  /*!<
+   * ADDRESSED_OPCODE_LOWBIT_TO_WRITE
+   * Used by the MCP23S series, we send 0x40 |'rd with the opcode
+   * Then set the lowest bit to write
+   */
+  ADDRESSED_OPCODE_BIT0_LOW_TO_WRITE = 3,
+
+} Adafruit_BusIO_SPIRegType;
+
+/*!
+ * @brief The class which defines a device register (a location to read/write
+ * data from)
+ */
+class Adafruit_BusIO_Register {
+public:
+  Adafruit_BusIO_Register(Adafruit_I2CDevice *i2cdevice, uint16_t reg_addr,
+                          uint8_t width = 1, uint8_t byteorder = LSBFIRST,
+                          uint8_t address_width = 1);
+
+  Adafruit_BusIO_Register(Adafruit_SPIDevice *spidevice, uint16_t reg_addr,
+                          Adafruit_BusIO_SPIRegType type, uint8_t width = 1,
+                          uint8_t byteorder = LSBFIRST,
+                          uint8_t address_width = 1);
+
+  Adafruit_BusIO_Register(Adafruit_I2CDevice *i2cdevice,
+                          Adafruit_SPIDevice *spidevice,
+                          Adafruit_BusIO_SPIRegType type, uint16_t reg_addr,
+                          uint8_t width = 1, uint8_t byteorder = LSBFIRST,
+                          uint8_t address_width = 1);
+
+  Adafruit_BusIO_Register(Adafruit_GenericDevice *genericdevice,
+                          uint16_t reg_addr, uint8_t width = 1,
+                          uint8_t byteorder = LSBFIRST,
+                          uint8_t address_width = 1);
+
+  bool read(uint8_t *buffer, uint8_t len);
+  bool read(uint8_t *value);
+  bool read(uint16_t *value);
+  uint32_t read(void);
+  uint32_t readCached(void);
+  bool write(uint8_t *buffer, uint8_t len);
+  bool write(uint32_t value, uint8_t numbytes = 0);
+
+  uint8_t width(void);
+
+  void setWidth(uint8_t width);
+  void setAddress(uint16_t address);
+  void setAddressWidth(uint16_t address_width);
+
+#if !defined(NO_GLOBAL_INSTANCES) && !defined(NO_GLOBAL_SERIAL)
+  void print(Stream *s = &Serial);
+  void println(Stream *s = &Serial);
+#else
+  void print(Stream *s);
+  void println(Stream *s);
+#endif
+
+private:
+  Adafruit_I2CDevice *_i2cdevice;
+  Adafruit_SPIDevice *_spidevice;
+  Adafruit_GenericDevice *_genericdevice;
+  Adafruit_BusIO_SPIRegType _spiregtype;
+  uint16_t _address;
+  uint8_t _width, _addrwidth, _byteorder;
+  uint8_t _buffer[4]; // we won't support anything larger than uint32 for
+                      // non-buffered read
+  uint32_t _cached = 0;
+};
+
+/*!
+ * @brief The class which defines a slice of bits from within a device register
+ * (a location to read/write data from)
+ */
+class Adafruit_BusIO_RegisterBits {
+public:
+  Adafruit_BusIO_RegisterBits(Adafruit_BusIO_Register *reg, uint8_t bits,
+                              uint8_t shift);
+  bool write(uint32_t value);
+  uint32_t read(void);
+
+private:
+  Adafruit_BusIO_Register *_register;
+  uint8_t _bits, _shift;
+};
+
+#endif // SPI exists
+#endif // BusIO_Register_h
@@ -0,0 +1,90 @@
+/*
+   Written with help by Claude!
+  https://claude.ai/chat/335f50b1-3dd8-435e-9139-57ec7ca26a3c (at this time
+  chats are not shareable :(
+*/
+
+#include "Adafruit_GenericDevice.h"
+
+/*!
+ * @brief Create a Generic device with the provided read/write functions
+ * @param obj Pointer to object instance
+ * @param read_func Function pointer for reading raw data
+ * @param write_func Function pointer for writing raw data
+ * @param readreg_func Function pointer for reading registers (optional)
+ * @param writereg_func Function pointer for writing registers (optional) */
+Adafruit_GenericDevice::Adafruit_GenericDevice(
+    void *obj, busio_genericdevice_read_t read_func,
+    busio_genericdevice_write_t write_func,
+    busio_genericdevice_readreg_t readreg_func,
+    busio_genericdevice_writereg_t writereg_func) {
+  _obj = obj;
+  _read_func = read_func;
+  _write_func = write_func;
+  _readreg_func = readreg_func;
+  _writereg_func = writereg_func;
+  _begun = false;
+}
+
+/*! @brief Simple begin function (doesn't do much at this time)
+    @return true always
+*/
+bool Adafruit_GenericDevice::begin(void) {
+  _begun = true;
+  return true;
+}
+
+/*!
+@brief Marks the GenericDevice as no longer in use.
+@note: Since this is a GenericDevice, if you are using this with a Serial
+object, this does NOT disable serial communication or release the RX/TX pins.
+That must be done manually by calling Serial.end().
+*/
+void Adafruit_GenericDevice::end(void) { _begun = false; }
+
+/*! @brief Write a buffer of data
+   @param buffer Pointer to buffer of data to write
+   @param len Number of bytes to write
+   @return true if write was successful, otherwise false */
+bool Adafruit_GenericDevice::write(const uint8_t *buffer, size_t len) {
+  if (!_begun)
+    return false;
+  return _write_func(_obj, buffer, len);
+}
+
+/*! @brief Read data into a buffer
+   @param buffer Pointer to buffer to read data into
+   @param len Number of bytes to read
+   @return true if read was successful, otherwise false */
+bool Adafruit_GenericDevice::read(uint8_t *buffer, size_t len) {
+  if (!_begun)
+    return false;
+  return _read_func(_obj, buffer, len);
+}
+
+/*! @brief Read from a register location
+   @param addr_buf Buffer containing register address
+   @param addrsiz Size of register address in bytes
+   @param buf Buffer to store read data
+   @param bufsiz Size of data to read in bytes
+   @return true if read was successful, otherwise false */
+bool Adafruit_GenericDevice::readRegister(uint8_t *addr_buf, uint8_t addrsiz,
+                                          uint8_t *buf, uint16_t bufsiz) {
+  if (!_begun || !_readreg_func)
+    return false;
+  return _readreg_func(_obj, addr_buf, addrsiz, buf, bufsiz);
+}
+
+/*! @brief Write to a register location
+   @param addr_buf Buffer containing register address
+   @param addrsiz Size of register address in bytes
+   @param buf Buffer containing data to write
+   @param bufsiz Size of data to write in bytes
+   @return true if write was successful, otherwise false */
+bool Adafruit_GenericDevice::writeRegister(uint8_t *addr_buf, uint8_t addrsiz,
+                                           const uint8_t *buf,
+                                           uint16_t bufsiz) {
+  if (!_begun || !_writereg_func)
+    return false;
+  return _writereg_func(_obj, addr_buf, addrsiz, buf, bufsiz);
+}
@@ -0,0 +1,56 @@
+#ifndef ADAFRUIT_GENERICDEVICE_H
+#define ADAFRUIT_GENERICDEVICE_H
+
+#include <Arduino.h>
+
+typedef bool (*busio_genericdevice_read_t)(void *obj, uint8_t *buffer,
+                                           size_t len);
+typedef bool (*busio_genericdevice_write_t)(void *obj, const uint8_t *buffer,
+                                            size_t len);
+typedef bool (*busio_genericdevice_readreg_t)(void *obj, uint8_t *addr_buf,
+                                              uint8_t addrsiz, uint8_t *data,
+                                              uint16_t datalen);
+typedef bool (*busio_genericdevice_writereg_t)(void *obj, uint8_t *addr_buf,
+                                               uint8_t addrsiz,
+                                               const uint8_t *data,
+                                               uint16_t datalen);
+
+/*!
+ * @brief Class for communicating with a device via generic read/write functions
+ */
+class Adafruit_GenericDevice {
+public:
+  Adafruit_GenericDevice(
+      void *obj, busio_genericdevice_read_t read_func,
+      busio_genericdevice_write_t write_func,
+      busio_genericdevice_readreg_t readreg_func = nullptr,
+      busio_genericdevice_writereg_t writereg_func = nullptr);
+
+  bool begin(void);
+  void end(void);
+
+  bool read(uint8_t *buffer, size_t len);
+  bool write(const uint8_t *buffer, size_t len);
+  bool readRegister(uint8_t *addr_buf, uint8_t addrsiz, uint8_t *buf,
+                    uint16_t bufsiz);
+  bool writeRegister(uint8_t *addr_buf, uint8_t addrsiz, const uint8_t *buf,
+                     uint16_t bufsiz);
+
+protected:
+  /*! @brief Function pointer for reading raw data from the device */
+  busio_genericdevice_read_t _read_func;
+  /*! @brief Function pointer for writing raw data to the device */
+  busio_genericdevice_write_t _write_func;
+  /*! @brief Function pointer for reading a 'register' from the device */
+  busio_genericdevice_readreg_t _readreg_func;
+  /*! @brief Function pointer for writing a 'register' to the device */
+  busio_genericdevice_writereg_t _writereg_func;
+
+  bool _begun; ///< whether we have initialized yet (in case the function needs
+               ///< to do something)
+
+private:
+  void *_obj; ///< Pointer to object instance
+};
+
+#endif // ADAFRUIT_GENERICDEVICE_H
@@ -0,0 +1,320 @@
+#include "Adafruit_I2CDevice.h"
+
+// #define DEBUG_SERIAL Serial
+
+/*!
+ *    @brief  Create an I2C device at a given address
+ *    @param  addr The 7-bit I2C address for the device
+ *    @param  theWire The I2C bus to use, defaults to &Wire
+ */
+Adafruit_I2CDevice::Adafruit_I2CDevice(uint8_t addr, TwoWire *theWire) {
+  _addr = addr;
+  _wire = theWire;
+  _begun = false;
+#ifdef ARDUINO_ARCH_SAMD
+  _maxBufferSize = 250; // as defined in Wire.h's RingBuffer
+#elif defined(ESP32)
+  _maxBufferSize = I2C_BUFFER_LENGTH;
+#else
+  _maxBufferSize = 32;
+#endif
+}
+
+/*!
+ *    @brief  Initializes and does basic address detection
+ *    @param  addr_detect Whether we should attempt to detect the I2C address
+ * with a scan. 99% of sensors/devices don't mind, but once in a while they
+ * don't respond well to a scan!
+ *    @return True if I2C initialized and a device with the addr found
+ */
+bool Adafruit_I2CDevice::begin(bool addr_detect) {
+  _wire->begin();
+  _begun = true;
+
+  if (addr_detect) {
+    return detected();
+  }
+  return true;
+}
+
+/*!
+ *    @brief  De-initialize device, turn off the Wire interface
+ */
+void Adafruit_I2CDevice::end(void) {
+  // Not all port implement Wire::end(), such as
+  // - ESP8266
+  // - AVR core without WIRE_HAS_END
+  // - ESP32: end() is implemented since 2.0.1 which is latest at the moment.
+  // Temporarily disable for now to give time for user to update.
+#if !(defined(ESP8266) ||                                                      \
+      (defined(ARDUINO_ARCH_AVR) && !defined(WIRE_HAS_END)) ||                 \
+      defined(ARDUINO_ARCH_ESP32))
+  _wire->end();
+  _begun = false;
+#endif
+}
+
+/*!
+ *    @brief  Scans I2C for the address - note will give a false-positive
+ *    if there's no pullups on I2C
+ *    @return True if I2C initialized and a device with the addr found
+ */
+bool Adafruit_I2CDevice::detected(void) {
+  // Init I2C if not done yet
+  if (!_begun && !begin()) {
+    return false;
+  }
+
+  // A basic scanner, see if it ACK's
+  _wire->beginTransmission(_addr);
+#ifdef DEBUG_SERIAL
+  DEBUG_SERIAL.print(F("Address 0x"));
+  DEBUG_SERIAL.print(_addr, HEX);
+#endif
+#ifdef ARDUINO_ARCH_MBED
+  _wire->write(0); // forces a write request instead of a read
+#endif
+  if (_wire->endTransmission() == 0) {
+#ifdef DEBUG_SERIAL
+    DEBUG_SERIAL.println(F(" Detected"));
+#endif
+    return true;
+  }
+#ifdef DEBUG_SERIAL
+  DEBUG_SERIAL.println(F(" Not detected"));
+#endif
+  return false;
+}
+
+/*!
+ *    @brief  Write a buffer or two to the I2C device. Cannot be more than
+ * maxBufferSize() bytes.
+ *    @param  buffer Pointer to buffer of data to write. This is const to
+ *            ensure the content of this buffer doesn't change.
+ *    @param  len Number of bytes from buffer to write
+ *    @param  prefix_buffer Pointer to optional array of data to write before
+ * buffer. Cannot be more than maxBufferSize() bytes. This is const to
+ *            ensure the content of this buffer doesn't change.
+ *    @param  prefix_len Number of bytes from prefix buffer to write
+ *    @param  stop Whether to send an I2C STOP signal on write
+ *    @return True if write was successful, otherwise false.
+ */
+bool Adafruit_I2CDevice::write(const uint8_t *buffer, size_t len, bool stop,
+                               const uint8_t *prefix_buffer,
+                               size_t prefix_len) {
+  if ((len + prefix_len) > maxBufferSize()) {
+    // currently not guaranteed to work if more than 32 bytes!
+    // we will need to find out if some platforms have larger
+    // I2C buffer sizes :/
+#ifdef DEBUG_SERIAL
+    DEBUG_SERIAL.println(F("\tI2CDevice could not write such a large buffer"));
+#endif
+    return false;
+  }
+
+  _wire->beginTransmission(_addr);
+
+  // Write the prefix data (usually an address)
+  if ((prefix_len != 0) && (prefix_buffer != nullptr)) {
+    if (_wire->write(prefix_buffer, prefix_len) != prefix_len) {
+#ifdef DEBUG_SERIAL
+      DEBUG_SERIAL.println(F("\tI2CDevice failed to write"));
+#endif
+      return false;
+    }
+  }
+
+  // Write the data itself
+  if (_wire->write(buffer, len) != len) {
+#ifdef DEBUG_SERIAL
+    DEBUG_SERIAL.println(F("\tI2CDevice failed to write"));
+#endif
+    return false;
+  }
+
+#ifdef DEBUG_SERIAL
+
+  DEBUG_SERIAL.print(F("\tI2CWRITE @ 0x"));
+  DEBUG_SERIAL.print(_addr, HEX);
+  DEBUG_SERIAL.print(F(" :: "));
+  if ((prefix_len != 0) && (prefix_buffer != nullptr)) {
+    for (uint16_t i = 0; i < prefix_len; i++) {
+      DEBUG_SERIAL.print(F("0x"));
+      DEBUG_SERIAL.print(prefix_buffer[i], HEX);
+      DEBUG_SERIAL.print(F(", "));
+    }
+  }
+  for (uint16_t i = 0; i < len; i++) {
+    DEBUG_SERIAL.print(F("0x"));
+    DEBUG_SERIAL.print(buffer[i], HEX);
+    DEBUG_SERIAL.print(F(", "));
+    if (i % 32 == 31) {
+      DEBUG_SERIAL.println();
+    }
+  }
+
+  if (stop) {
+    DEBUG_SERIAL.print("\tSTOP");
+  }
+#endif
+
+  if (_wire->endTransmission(stop) == 0) {
+#ifdef DEBUG_SERIAL
+    DEBUG_SERIAL.println();
+    // DEBUG_SERIAL.println("Sent!");
+#endif
+    return true;
+  } else {
+#ifdef DEBUG_SERIAL
+    DEBUG_SERIAL.println("\tFailed to send!");
+#endif
+    return false;
+  }
+}
+
+/*!
+ *    @brief  Read from I2C into a buffer from the I2C device.
+ *    Cannot be more than maxBufferSize() bytes.
+ *    @param  buffer Pointer to buffer of data to read into
+ *    @param  len Number of bytes from buffer to read.
+ *    @param  stop Whether to send an I2C STOP signal on read
+ *    @return True if read was successful, otherwise false.
+ */
+bool Adafruit_I2CDevice::read(uint8_t *buffer, size_t len, bool stop) {
+  size_t pos = 0;
+  while (pos < len) {
+    size_t read_len =
+        ((len - pos) > maxBufferSize()) ? maxBufferSize() : (len - pos);
+    bool read_stop = (pos < (len - read_len)) ? false : stop;
+    if (!_read(buffer + pos, read_len, read_stop))
+      return false;
+    pos += read_len;
+  }
+  return true;
+}
+
+bool Adafruit_I2CDevice::_read(uint8_t *buffer, size_t len, bool stop) {
+#if defined(TinyWireM_h)
+  size_t recv = _wire->requestFrom((uint8_t)_addr, (uint8_t)len);
+#elif defined(ARDUINO_ARCH_MEGAAVR)
+  size_t recv = _wire->requestFrom(_addr, len, stop);
+#else
+  size_t recv = _wire->requestFrom((uint8_t)_addr, (uint8_t)len, (uint8_t)stop);
+#endif
+
+  if (recv != len) {
+    // Not enough data available to fulfill our obligation!
+#ifdef DEBUG_SERIAL
+    DEBUG_SERIAL.print(F("\tI2CDevice did not receive enough data: "));
+    DEBUG_SERIAL.println(recv);
+#endif
+    return false;
+  }
+
+  for (uint16_t i = 0; i < len; i++) {
+    buffer[i] = _wire->read();
+  }
+
+#ifdef DEBUG_SERIAL
+  DEBUG_SERIAL.print(F("\tI2CREAD  @ 0x"));
+  DEBUG_SERIAL.print(_addr, HEX);
+  DEBUG_SERIAL.print(F(" :: "));
+  for (uint16_t i = 0; i < len; i++) {
+    DEBUG_SERIAL.print(F("0x"));
+    DEBUG_SERIAL.print(buffer[i], HEX);
+    DEBUG_SERIAL.print(F(", "));
+    if (len % 32 == 31) {
+      DEBUG_SERIAL.println();
+    }
+  }
+  DEBUG_SERIAL.println();
+#endif
+
+  return true;
+}
+
+/*!
+ *    @brief  Write some data, then read some data from I2C into another buffer.
+ *    Cannot be more than maxBufferSize() bytes. The buffers can point to
+ *    same/overlapping locations.
+ *    @param  write_buffer Pointer to buffer of data to write from
+ *    @param  write_len Number of bytes from buffer to write.
+ *    @param  read_buffer Pointer to buffer of data to read into.
+ *    @param  read_len Number of bytes from buffer to read.
+ *    @param  stop Whether to send an I2C STOP signal between the write and read
+ *    @return True if write & read was successful, otherwise false.
+ */
+bool Adafruit_I2CDevice::write_then_read(const uint8_t *write_buffer,
+                                         size_t write_len, uint8_t *read_buffer,
+                                         size_t read_len, bool stop) {
+  if (!write(write_buffer, write_len, stop)) {
+    return false;
+  }
+
+  return read(read_buffer, read_len);
+}
+
+/*!
+ *    @brief  Returns the 7-bit address of this device
+ *    @return The 7-bit address of this device
+ */
+uint8_t Adafruit_I2CDevice::address(void) { return _addr; }
+
+/*!
+ *    @brief  Change the I2C clock speed to desired (relies on
+ *    underlying Wire support!
+ *    @param desiredclk The desired I2C SCL frequency
+ *    @return True if this platform supports changing I2C speed.
+ *    Not necessarily that the speed was achieved!
+ */
+bool Adafruit_I2CDevice::setSpeed(uint32_t desiredclk) {
+#if defined(__AVR_ATmega328__) ||                                              \
+    defined(__AVR_ATmega328P__) // fix arduino core set clock
+  // calculate TWBR correctly
+
+  if ((F_CPU / 18) < desiredclk) {
+#ifdef DEBUG_SERIAL
+    Serial.println(F("I2C.setSpeed too high."));
+#endif
+    return false;
+  }
+  uint32_t atwbr = ((F_CPU / desiredclk) - 16) / 2;
+  if (atwbr > 16320) {
+#ifdef DEBUG_SERIAL
+    Serial.println(F("I2C.setSpeed too low."));
+#endif
+    return false;
+  }
+
+  if (atwbr <= 255) {
+    atwbr /= 1;
+    TWSR = 0x0;
+  } else if (atwbr <= 1020) {
+    atwbr /= 4;
+    TWSR = 0x1;
+  } else if (atwbr <= 4080) {
+    atwbr /= 16;
+    TWSR = 0x2;
+  } else { //  if (atwbr <= 16320)
+    atwbr /= 64;
+    TWSR = 0x3;
+  }
+  TWBR = atwbr;
+
+#ifdef DEBUG_SERIAL
+  Serial.print(F("TWSR prescaler = "));
+  Serial.println(pow(4, TWSR));
+  Serial.print(F("TWBR = "));
+  Serial.println(atwbr);
+#endif
+  return true;
+#elif (ARDUINO >= 157) && !defined(ARDUINO_STM32_FEATHER) &&                   \
+    !defined(TinyWireM_h)
+  _wire->setClock(desiredclk);
+  return true;
+
+#else
+  (void)desiredclk;
+  return false;
+#endif
+}
@@ -0,0 +1,36 @@
+#ifndef Adafruit_I2CDevice_h
+#define Adafruit_I2CDevice_h
+
+#include <Arduino.h>
+#include <Wire.h>
+
+///< The class which defines how we will talk to this device over I2C
+class Adafruit_I2CDevice {
+public:
+  Adafruit_I2CDevice(uint8_t addr, TwoWire *theWire = &Wire);
+  uint8_t address(void);
+  bool begin(bool addr_detect = true);
+  void end(void);
+  bool detected(void);
+
+  bool read(uint8_t *buffer, size_t len, bool stop = true);
+  bool write(const uint8_t *buffer, size_t len, bool stop = true,
+             const uint8_t *prefix_buffer = nullptr, size_t prefix_len = 0);
+  bool write_then_read(const uint8_t *write_buffer, size_t write_len,
+                       uint8_t *read_buffer, size_t read_len,
+                       bool stop = false);
+  bool setSpeed(uint32_t desiredclk);
+
+  /*!   @brief  How many bytes we can read in a transaction
+   *    @return The size of the Wire receive/transmit buffer */
+  size_t maxBufferSize() { return _maxBufferSize; }
+
+private:
+  uint8_t _addr;
+  TwoWire *_wire;
+  bool _begun;
+  size_t _maxBufferSize;
+  bool _read(uint8_t *buffer, size_t len, bool stop);
+};
+
+#endif // Adafruit_I2CDevice_h
@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+#ifndef _ADAFRUIT_I2C_REGISTER_H_
+#define _ADAFRUIT_I2C_REGISTER_H_
+
+#include <Adafruit_BusIO_Register.h>
+#include <Arduino.h>
+
+typedef Adafruit_BusIO_Register Adafruit_I2CRegister;
+typedef Adafruit_BusIO_RegisterBits Adafruit_I2CRegisterBits;
+
+#endif
@@ -0,0 +1,512 @@
+#include "Adafruit_SPIDevice.h"
+
+// #define DEBUG_SERIAL Serial
+
+#ifdef BUSIO_USE_FAST_PINIO
+#define BUSIO_SET_CLOCK_LOW() (*clkPort = *clkPort & ~clkPinMask)
+#define BUSIO_SET_CLOCK_HIGH() (*clkPort = *clkPort | clkPinMask)
+#define BUSIO_READ_MISO() (*misoPort & misoPinMask)
+#define BUSIO_WRITE_MOSI(value)                                                \
+  do {                                                                         \
+    if (value)                                                                 \
+      *mosiPort = *mosiPort | mosiPinMask;                                     \
+    else                                                                       \
+      *mosiPort = *mosiPort & ~mosiPinMask;                                    \
+  } while (0)
+#else
+#define BUSIO_SET_CLOCK_LOW() digitalWrite(_sck, LOW)
+#define BUSIO_SET_CLOCK_HIGH() digitalWrite(_sck, HIGH)
+#define BUSIO_READ_MISO() digitalRead(_miso)
+#define BUSIO_WRITE_MOSI(value) digitalWrite(_mosi, value)
+#endif
+
+/*!
+ *    @brief  Create an SPI device with the given CS pin and settings
+ *    @param  cspin The arduino pin number to use for chip select
+ *    @param  freq The SPI clock frequency to use, defaults to 1MHz
+ *    @param  dataOrder The SPI data order to use for bits within each byte,
+ * defaults to SPI_BITORDER_MSBFIRST
+ *    @param  dataMode The SPI mode to use, defaults to SPI_MODE0
+ *    @param  theSPI The SPI bus to use, defaults to &theSPI
+ */
+Adafruit_SPIDevice::Adafruit_SPIDevice(int8_t cspin, uint32_t freq,
+                                       BusIOBitOrder dataOrder,
+                                       uint8_t dataMode, SPIClass *theSPI) {
+#ifdef BUSIO_HAS_HW_SPI
+  _cs = cspin;
+  _sck = _mosi = _miso = -1;
+  _spi = theSPI;
+  _begun = false;
+  _spiSetting = new SPISettings(freq, dataOrder, dataMode);
+  _freq = freq;
+  _dataOrder = dataOrder;
+  _dataMode = dataMode;
+#else
+  // unused, but needed to suppress compiler warns
+  (void)cspin;
+  (void)freq;
+  (void)dataOrder;
+  (void)dataMode;
+  (void)theSPI;
+#endif
+}
+
+/*!
+ *    @brief  Create an SPI device with the given CS pin and settings
+ *    @param  cspin The arduino pin number to use for chip select
+ *    @param  sckpin The arduino pin number to use for SCK
+ *    @param  misopin The arduino pin number to use for MISO, set to -1 if not
+ * used
+ *    @param  mosipin The arduino pin number to use for MOSI, set to -1 if not
+ * used
+ *    @param  freq The SPI clock frequency to use, defaults to 1MHz
+ *    @param  dataOrder The SPI data order to use for bits within each byte,
+ * defaults to SPI_BITORDER_MSBFIRST
+ *    @param  dataMode The SPI mode to use, defaults to SPI_MODE0
+ */
+Adafruit_SPIDevice::Adafruit_SPIDevice(int8_t cspin, int8_t sckpin,
+                                       int8_t misopin, int8_t mosipin,
+                                       uint32_t freq, BusIOBitOrder dataOrder,
+                                       uint8_t dataMode) {
+  _cs = cspin;
+  _sck = sckpin;
+  _miso = misopin;
+  _mosi = mosipin;
+
+#ifdef BUSIO_USE_FAST_PINIO
+  csPort = (BusIO_PortReg *)portOutputRegister(digitalPinToPort(cspin));
+  csPinMask = digitalPinToBitMask(cspin);
+  if (mosipin != -1) {
+    mosiPort = (BusIO_PortReg *)portOutputRegister(digitalPinToPort(mosipin));
+    mosiPinMask = digitalPinToBitMask(mosipin);
+  }
+  if (misopin != -1) {
+    misoPort = (BusIO_PortReg *)portInputRegister(digitalPinToPort(misopin));
+    misoPinMask = digitalPinToBitMask(misopin);
+  }
+  clkPort = (BusIO_PortReg *)portOutputRegister(digitalPinToPort(sckpin));
+  clkPinMask = digitalPinToBitMask(sckpin);
+#endif
+
+  _freq = freq;
+  _dataOrder = dataOrder;
+  _dataMode = dataMode;
+  _begun = false;
+}
+
+/*!
+ *    @brief  Release memory allocated in constructors
+ */
+Adafruit_SPIDevice::~Adafruit_SPIDevice() {
+  if (_spiSetting)
+    delete _spiSetting;
+}
+
+/*!
+ *    @brief  Initializes SPI bus and sets CS pin high
+ *    @return Always returns true because there's no way to test success of SPI
+ * init
+ */
+bool Adafruit_SPIDevice::begin(void) {
+  if (_cs != -1) {
+    pinMode(_cs, OUTPUT);
+    digitalWrite(_cs, HIGH);
+  }
+
+  if (_spi) { // hardware SPI
+#ifdef BUSIO_HAS_HW_SPI
+    _spi->begin();
+#endif
+  } else {
+    pinMode(_sck, OUTPUT);
+
+    if ((_dataMode == SPI_MODE0) || (_dataMode == SPI_MODE1)) {
+      // idle low on mode 0 and 1
+      digitalWrite(_sck, LOW);
+    } else {
+      // idle high on mode 2 or 3
+      digitalWrite(_sck, HIGH);
+    }
+    if (_mosi != -1) {
+      pinMode(_mosi, OUTPUT);
+      digitalWrite(_mosi, HIGH);
+    }
+    if (_miso != -1) {
+      pinMode(_miso, INPUT);
+    }
+  }
+
+  _begun = true;
+  return true;
+}
+
+/*!
+ *    @brief  Transfer (send/receive) a buffer over hard/soft SPI, without
+ * transaction management
+ *    @param  buffer The buffer to send and receive at the same time
+ *    @param  len    The number of bytes to transfer
+ */
+void Adafruit_SPIDevice::transfer(uint8_t *buffer, size_t len) {
+  //
+  // HARDWARE SPI
+  //
+  if (_spi) {
+#ifdef BUSIO_HAS_HW_SPI
+#if defined(SPARK)
+    _spi->transfer(buffer, buffer, len, nullptr);
+#elif defined(STM32)
+    for (size_t i = 0; i < len; i++) {
+      _spi->transfer(buffer[i]);
+    }
+#else
+    _spi->transfer(buffer, len);
+#endif
+    return;
+#endif
+  }
+
+  //
+  // SOFTWARE SPI
+  //
+  uint8_t startbit;
+  if (_dataOrder == SPI_BITORDER_LSBFIRST) {
+    startbit = 0x1;
+  } else {
+    startbit = 0x80;
+  }
+
+  bool towrite, lastmosi = !(buffer[0] & startbit);
+  uint8_t bitdelay_us = (1000000 / _freq) / 2;
+
+  for (size_t i = 0; i < len; i++) {
+    uint8_t reply = 0;
+    uint8_t send = buffer[i];
+
+    /*
+    Serial.print("\tSending software SPI byte 0x");
+    Serial.print(send, HEX);
+    Serial.print(" -> 0x");
+    */
+
+    // Serial.print(send, HEX);
+    for (uint8_t b = startbit; b != 0;
+         b = (_dataOrder == SPI_BITORDER_LSBFIRST) ? b << 1 : b >> 1) {
+
+      if (bitdelay_us) {
+        delayMicroseconds(bitdelay_us);
+      }
+
+      if (_dataMode == SPI_MODE0 || _dataMode == SPI_MODE2) {
+        towrite = send & b;
+        if ((_mosi != -1) && (lastmosi != towrite)) {
+          BUSIO_WRITE_MOSI(towrite);
+          lastmosi = towrite;
+        }
+
+        BUSIO_SET_CLOCK_HIGH();
+
+        if (bitdelay_us) {
+          delayMicroseconds(bitdelay_us);
+        }
+
+        if (_miso != -1) {
+          if (BUSIO_READ_MISO())
+            reply |= b;
+        }
+
+        BUSIO_SET_CLOCK_LOW();
+
+      } else if (_dataMode == SPI_MODE3) {
+
+        if (_mosi != -1) { // transmit on falling edge
+          BUSIO_WRITE_MOSI(send & b);
+        }
+
+        BUSIO_SET_CLOCK_LOW();
+
+        if (bitdelay_us) {
+          delayMicroseconds(bitdelay_us);
+        }
+
+        BUSIO_SET_CLOCK_HIGH();
+
+        if (bitdelay_us) {
+          delayMicroseconds(bitdelay_us);
+        }
+
+        if (_miso != -1) { // read on rising edge
+          if (BUSIO_READ_MISO()) {
+            reply |= b;
+          }
+        }
+
+      } else { // || _dataMode == SPI_MODE1)
+
+        BUSIO_SET_CLOCK_HIGH();
+
+        if (bitdelay_us) {
+          delayMicroseconds(bitdelay_us);
+        }
+
+        if (_mosi != -1) {
+          BUSIO_WRITE_MOSI(send & b);
+        }
+
+        BUSIO_SET_CLOCK_LOW();
+
+        if (_miso != -1) {
+          if (BUSIO_READ_MISO()) {
+            reply |= b;
+          }
+        }
+      }
+    }
+    if (_miso != -1) {
+      buffer[i] = reply;
+    }
+  }
+  return;
+}
+
+/*!
+ *    @brief  Transfer (send/receive) one byte over hard/soft SPI, without
+ * transaction management
+ *    @param  send The byte to send
+ *    @return The byte received while transmitting
+ */
+uint8_t Adafruit_SPIDevice::transfer(uint8_t send) {
+  uint8_t data = send;
+  transfer(&data, 1);
+  return data;
+}
+
+/*!
+ *    @brief  Manually begin a transaction (calls beginTransaction if hardware
+ * SPI)
+ */
+void Adafruit_SPIDevice::beginTransaction(void) {
+  if (_spi) {
+#ifdef BUSIO_HAS_HW_SPI
+    _spi->beginTransaction(*_spiSetting);
+#endif
+  }
+}
+
+/*!
+ *    @brief  Manually end a transaction (calls endTransaction if hardware SPI)
+ */
+void Adafruit_SPIDevice::endTransaction(void) {
+  if (_spi) {
+#ifdef BUSIO_HAS_HW_SPI
+    _spi->endTransaction();
+#endif
+  }
+}
+
+/*!
+ *    @brief  Assert/Deassert the CS pin if it is defined
+ *    @param  value The state the CS is set to
+ */
+void Adafruit_SPIDevice::setChipSelect(int value) {
+  if (_cs != -1) {
+    digitalWrite(_cs, value);
+  }
+}
+
+/*!
+ *    @brief  Write a buffer or two to the SPI device, with transaction
+ * management.
+ *    @brief  Manually begin a transaction (calls beginTransaction if hardware
+ *            SPI) with asserting the CS pin
+ */
+void Adafruit_SPIDevice::beginTransactionWithAssertingCS() {
+  beginTransaction();
+  setChipSelect(LOW);
+}
+
+/*!
+ *    @brief  Manually end a transaction (calls endTransaction if hardware SPI)
+ *            with deasserting the CS pin
+ */
+void Adafruit_SPIDevice::endTransactionWithDeassertingCS() {
+  setChipSelect(HIGH);
+  endTransaction();
+}
+
+/*!
+ *    @brief  Write a buffer or two to the SPI device, with transaction
+ * management.
+ *    @param  buffer Pointer to buffer of data to write
+ *    @param  len Number of bytes from buffer to write
+ *    @param  prefix_buffer Pointer to optional array of data to write before
+ * buffer.
+ *    @param  prefix_len Number of bytes from prefix buffer to write
+ *    @return Always returns true because there's no way to test success of SPI
+ * writes
+ */
+bool Adafruit_SPIDevice::write(const uint8_t *buffer, size_t len,
+                               const uint8_t *prefix_buffer,
+                               size_t prefix_len) {
+  beginTransactionWithAssertingCS();
+
+  // do the writing
+#if defined(ARDUINO_ARCH_ESP32)
+  if (_spi) {
+    if (prefix_len > 0) {
+      _spi->transferBytes((uint8_t *)prefix_buffer, nullptr, prefix_len);
+    }
+    if (len > 0) {
+      _spi->transferBytes((uint8_t *)buffer, nullptr, len);
+    }
+  } else
+#endif
+  {
+    for (size_t i = 0; i < prefix_len; i++) {
+      transfer(prefix_buffer[i]);
+    }
+    for (size_t i = 0; i < len; i++) {
+      transfer(buffer[i]);
+    }
+  }
+  endTransactionWithDeassertingCS();
+
+#ifdef DEBUG_SERIAL
+  DEBUG_SERIAL.print(F("\tSPIDevice Wrote: "));
+  if ((prefix_len != 0) && (prefix_buffer != nullptr)) {
+    for (uint16_t i = 0; i < prefix_len; i++) {
+      DEBUG_SERIAL.print(F("0x"));
+      DEBUG_SERIAL.print(prefix_buffer[i], HEX);
+      DEBUG_SERIAL.print(F(", "));
+    }
+  }
+  for (uint16_t i = 0; i < len; i++) {
+    DEBUG_SERIAL.print(F("0x"));
+    DEBUG_SERIAL.print(buffer[i], HEX);
+    DEBUG_SERIAL.print(F(", "));
+    if (i % 32 == 31) {
+      DEBUG_SERIAL.println();
+    }
+  }
+  DEBUG_SERIAL.println();
+#endif
+
+  return true;
+}
+
+/*!
+ *    @brief  Read from SPI into a buffer from the SPI device, with transaction
+ * management.
+ *    @param  buffer Pointer to buffer of data to read into
+ *    @param  len Number of bytes from buffer to read.
+ *    @param  sendvalue The 8-bits of data to write when doing the data read,
+ * defaults to 0xFF
+ *    @return Always returns true because there's no way to test success of SPI
+ * writes
+ */
+bool Adafruit_SPIDevice::read(uint8_t *buffer, size_t len, uint8_t sendvalue) {
+  memset(buffer, sendvalue, len); // clear out existing buffer
+
+  beginTransactionWithAssertingCS();
+  transfer(buffer, len);
+  endTransactionWithDeassertingCS();
+
+#ifdef DEBUG_SERIAL
+  DEBUG_SERIAL.print(F("\tSPIDevice Read: "));
+  for (uint16_t i = 0; i < len; i++) {
+    DEBUG_SERIAL.print(F("0x"));
+    DEBUG_SERIAL.print(buffer[i], HEX);
+    DEBUG_SERIAL.print(F(", "));
+    if (len % 32 == 31) {
+      DEBUG_SERIAL.println();
+    }
+  }
+  DEBUG_SERIAL.println();
+#endif
+
+  return true;
+}
+
+/*!
+ *    @brief  Write some data, then read some data from SPI into another buffer,
+ * with transaction management. The buffers can point to same/overlapping
+ * locations. This does not transmit-receive at the same time!
+ *    @param  write_buffer Pointer to buffer of data to write from
+ *    @param  write_len Number of bytes from buffer to write.
+ *    @param  read_buffer Pointer to buffer of data to read into.
+ *    @param  read_len Number of bytes from buffer to read.
+ *    @param  sendvalue The 8-bits of data to write when doing the data read,
+ * defaults to 0xFF
+ *    @return Always returns true because there's no way to test success of SPI
+ * writes
+ */
+bool Adafruit_SPIDevice::write_then_read(const uint8_t *write_buffer,
+                                         size_t write_len, uint8_t *read_buffer,
+                                         size_t read_len, uint8_t sendvalue) {
+  beginTransactionWithAssertingCS();
+  // do the writing
+#if defined(ARDUINO_ARCH_ESP32)
+  if (_spi) {
+    if (write_len > 0) {
+      _spi->transferBytes((uint8_t *)write_buffer, nullptr, write_len);
+    }
+  } else
+#endif
+  {
+    for (size_t i = 0; i < write_len; i++) {
+      transfer(write_buffer[i]);
+    }
+  }
+
+#ifdef DEBUG_SERIAL
+  DEBUG_SERIAL.print(F("\tSPIDevice Wrote: "));
+  for (uint16_t i = 0; i < write_len; i++) {
+    DEBUG_SERIAL.print(F("0x"));
+    DEBUG_SERIAL.print(write_buffer[i], HEX);
+    DEBUG_SERIAL.print(F(", "));
+    if (write_len % 32 == 31) {
+      DEBUG_SERIAL.println();
+    }
+  }
+  DEBUG_SERIAL.println();
+#endif
+
+  // do the reading
+  for (size_t i = 0; i < read_len; i++) {
+    read_buffer[i] = transfer(sendvalue);
+  }
+
+#ifdef DEBUG_SERIAL
+  DEBUG_SERIAL.print(F("\tSPIDevice Read: "));
+  for (uint16_t i = 0; i < read_len; i++) {
+    DEBUG_SERIAL.print(F("0x"));
+    DEBUG_SERIAL.print(read_buffer[i], HEX);
+    DEBUG_SERIAL.print(F(", "));
+    if (read_len % 32 == 31) {
+      DEBUG_SERIAL.println();
+    }
+  }
+  DEBUG_SERIAL.println();
+#endif
+
+  endTransactionWithDeassertingCS();
+
+  return true;
+}
+
+/*!
+ *    @brief  Write some data and read some data at the same time from SPI
+ * into the same buffer, with transaction management. This is basicaly a wrapper
+ * for transfer() with CS-pin and transaction management. This /does/
+ * transmit-receive at the same time!
+ *    @param  buffer Pointer to buffer of data to write/read to/from
+ *    @param  len Number of bytes from buffer to write/read.
+ *    @return Always returns true because there's no way to test success of SPI
+ * writes
+ */
+bool Adafruit_SPIDevice::write_and_read(uint8_t *buffer, size_t len) {
+  beginTransactionWithAssertingCS();
+  transfer(buffer, len);
+  endTransactionWithDeassertingCS();
+
+  return true;
+}
@@ -0,0 +1,149 @@
+#ifndef Adafruit_SPIDevice_h
+#define Adafruit_SPIDevice_h
+
+#include <Arduino.h>
+
+#if !defined(SPI_INTERFACES_COUNT) ||                                          \
+    (defined(SPI_INTERFACES_COUNT) && (SPI_INTERFACES_COUNT > 0))
+// HW SPI available
+#include <SPI.h>
+#define BUSIO_HAS_HW_SPI
+#else
+// SW SPI ONLY
+enum { SPI_MODE0, SPI_MODE1, SPI_MODE2, SPI_MODE3 };
+typedef uint8_t SPIClass;
+#endif
+
+// some modern SPI definitions don't have BitOrder enum
+#if (defined(__AVR__) && !defined(ARDUINO_ARCH_MEGAAVR)) ||                    \
+    defined(ESP8266) || defined(TEENSYDUINO) || defined(SPARK) ||              \
+    defined(ARDUINO_ARCH_SPRESENSE) || defined(MEGATINYCORE) ||                \
+    defined(DXCORE) || defined(ARDUINO_AVR_ATmega4809) ||                      \
+    defined(ARDUINO_AVR_ATmega4808) || defined(ARDUINO_AVR_ATmega3209) ||      \
+    defined(ARDUINO_AVR_ATmega3208) || defined(ARDUINO_AVR_ATmega1609) ||      \
+    defined(ARDUINO_AVR_ATmega1608) || defined(ARDUINO_AVR_ATmega809) ||       \
+    defined(ARDUINO_AVR_ATmega808) || defined(ARDUINO_ARCH_ARC32) ||           \
+    defined(ARDUINO_ARCH_XMC)
+
+typedef enum _BitOrder {
+  SPI_BITORDER_MSBFIRST = MSBFIRST,
+  SPI_BITORDER_LSBFIRST = LSBFIRST,
+} BusIOBitOrder;
+
+#elif defined(ESP32) || defined(__ASR6501__) || defined(__ASR6502__)
+
+// some modern SPI definitions don't have BitOrder enum and have different SPI
+// mode defines
+typedef enum _BitOrder {
+  SPI_BITORDER_MSBFIRST = SPI_MSBFIRST,
+  SPI_BITORDER_LSBFIRST = SPI_LSBFIRST,
+} BusIOBitOrder;
+
+#else
+// Some platforms have a BitOrder enum but its named MSBFIRST/LSBFIRST
+#define SPI_BITORDER_MSBFIRST MSBFIRST
+#define SPI_BITORDER_LSBFIRST LSBFIRST
+typedef BitOrder BusIOBitOrder;
+#endif
+
+#if defined(__IMXRT1062__) // Teensy 4.x
+// *Warning* I disabled the usage of FAST_PINIO as the set/clear operations
+// used in the cpp file are not atomic and can effect multiple IO pins
+// and if an interrupt happens in between the time the code reads the register
+//  and writes out the updated value, that changes one or more other IO pins
+// on that same IO port, those change will be clobbered when the updated
+// values are written back.  A fast version can be implemented that uses the
+// ports set and clear registers which are atomic.
+// typedef volatile uint32_t BusIO_PortReg;
+// typedef uint32_t BusIO_PortMask;
+// #define BUSIO_USE_FAST_PINIO
+
+#elif defined(__MBED__) || defined(__ZEPHYR__)
+// Boards based on RTOS cores like mbed or Zephyr are not going to expose the
+// low level registers needed for fast pin manipulation
+#undef BUSIO_USE_FAST_PINIO
+
+#elif defined(ARDUINO_ARCH_XMC)
+#undef BUSIO_USE_FAST_PINIO
+
+#elif defined(__AVR__) || defined(TEENSYDUINO)
+typedef volatile uint8_t BusIO_PortReg;
+typedef uint8_t BusIO_PortMask;
+#define BUSIO_USE_FAST_PINIO
+
+#elif defined(ESP8266) || defined(ESP32) || defined(__SAM3X8E__) ||            \
+    defined(ARDUINO_ARCH_SAMD)
+typedef volatile uint32_t BusIO_PortReg;
+typedef uint32_t BusIO_PortMask;
+#define BUSIO_USE_FAST_PINIO
+
+#elif (defined(__arm__) || defined(ARDUINO_FEATHER52)) &&                      \
+    !defined(ARDUINO_ARCH_RP2040) && !defined(ARDUINO_SILABS) &&               \
+    !defined(ARDUINO_UNOR4_MINIMA) && !defined(ARDUINO_UNOR4_WIFI) &&          \
+    !defined(PORTDUINO)
+typedef volatile uint32_t BusIO_PortReg;
+typedef uint32_t BusIO_PortMask;
+#if !defined(__ASR6501__) && !defined(__ASR6502__)
+#define BUSIO_USE_FAST_PINIO
+#endif
+
+#else
+#undef BUSIO_USE_FAST_PINIO
+#endif
+
+/**! The class which defines how we will talk to this device over SPI **/
+class Adafruit_SPIDevice {
+public:
+#ifdef BUSIO_HAS_HW_SPI
+  Adafruit_SPIDevice(int8_t cspin, uint32_t freq = 1000000,
+                     BusIOBitOrder dataOrder = SPI_BITORDER_MSBFIRST,
+                     uint8_t dataMode = SPI_MODE0, SPIClass *theSPI = &SPI);
+#else
+  Adafruit_SPIDevice(int8_t cspin, uint32_t freq = 1000000,
+                     BusIOBitOrder dataOrder = SPI_BITORDER_MSBFIRST,
+                     uint8_t dataMode = SPI_MODE0, SPIClass *theSPI = nullptr);
+#endif
+  Adafruit_SPIDevice(int8_t cspin, int8_t sck, int8_t miso, int8_t mosi,
+                     uint32_t freq = 1000000,
+                     BusIOBitOrder dataOrder = SPI_BITORDER_MSBFIRST,
+                     uint8_t dataMode = SPI_MODE0);
+  ~Adafruit_SPIDevice();
+
+  bool begin(void);
+  bool read(uint8_t *buffer, size_t len, uint8_t sendvalue = 0xFF);
+  bool write(const uint8_t *buffer, size_t len,
+             const uint8_t *prefix_buffer = nullptr, size_t prefix_len = 0);
+  bool write_then_read(const uint8_t *write_buffer, size_t write_len,
+                       uint8_t *read_buffer, size_t read_len,
+                       uint8_t sendvalue = 0xFF);
+  bool write_and_read(uint8_t *buffer, size_t len);
+
+  uint8_t transfer(uint8_t send);
+  void transfer(uint8_t *buffer, size_t len);
+  void beginTransaction(void);
+  void endTransaction(void);
+  void beginTransactionWithAssertingCS();
+  void endTransactionWithDeassertingCS();
+
+private:
+#ifdef BUSIO_HAS_HW_SPI
+  SPIClass *_spi = nullptr;
+  SPISettings *_spiSetting = nullptr;
+#else
+  uint8_t *_spi = nullptr;
+  uint8_t *_spiSetting = nullptr;
+#endif
+  uint32_t _freq;
+  BusIOBitOrder _dataOrder;
+  uint8_t _dataMode;
+  void setChipSelect(int value);
+
+  int8_t _cs, _sck, _mosi, _miso;
+#ifdef BUSIO_USE_FAST_PINIO
+  BusIO_PortReg *mosiPort, *clkPort, *misoPort, *csPort;
+  BusIO_PortMask mosiPinMask, misoPinMask, clkPinMask, csPinMask;
+#endif
+  bool _begun;
+};
+
+#endif // Adafruit_SPIDevice_h
@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+# Adafruit Bus IO Library
+# https://github.com/adafruit/Adafruit_BusIO
+# MIT License
+
+cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 3.5)
+
+idf_component_register(SRCS "Adafruit_I2CDevice.cpp" "Adafruit_BusIO_Register.cpp" "Adafruit_SPIDevice.cpp" "Adafruit_GenericDevice.cpp"
+                       INCLUDE_DIRS "."
+                       REQUIRES arduino-esp32)
+
+project(Adafruit_BusIO)
@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+The MIT License (MIT)
+
+Copyright (c) 2017 Adafruit Industries
+
+Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
+of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
+in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
+to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
+copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
+furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
+
+The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all
+copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+
+THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
+IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
+FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
+AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
+LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
+OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE
+SOFTWARE.
@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+# Adafruit Bus IO Library [![Build Status](https://github.com/adafruit/Adafruit_BusIO/workflows/Arduino%20Library%20CI/badge.svg)](https://github.com/adafruit/Adafruit_BusIO/actions)
+
+
+This is a helper library to abstract away I2C, SPI, and 'generic transport' (e.g. UART) transactions and registers
+
+Adafruit invests time and resources providing this open source code, please support Adafruit and open-source hardware by purchasing products from Adafruit!
+
+MIT license, all text above must be included in any redistribution
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+COMPONENT_ADD_INCLUDEDIRS = .
@@ -0,0 +1,219 @@
+/*
+   Advanced example of using bstracted transport for reading and writing
+   register data from a UART-based device such as a TMC2209
+
+   Written with help by Claude!
+  https://claude.ai/chat/335f50b1-3dd8-435e-9139-57ec7ca26a3c (at this time
+  chats are not shareable :(
+*/
+
+#include "Adafruit_BusIO_Register.h"
+#include "Adafruit_GenericDevice.h"
+
+// Debugging macros
+#define DEBUG_SERIAL Serial
+
+#ifdef DEBUG_SERIAL
+#define DEBUG_PRINT(x) DEBUG_SERIAL.print(x)
+#define DEBUG_PRINTLN(x) DEBUG_SERIAL.println(x)
+#define DEBUG_PRINT_HEX(x)                                                     \
+  do {                                                                         \
+    if (x < 0x10)                                                              \
+      DEBUG_SERIAL.print('0');                                                 \
+    DEBUG_SERIAL.print(x, HEX);                                                \
+    DEBUG_SERIAL.print(' ');                                                   \
+  } while (0)
+#else
+#define DEBUG_PRINT(x)
+#define DEBUG_PRINTLN(x)
+#define DEBUG_PRINT_HEX(x)
+#endif
+
+#define TMC2209_IOIN 0x06
+
+class TMC2209_UART {
+private:
+  Stream *_uart_stream;
+  uint8_t _addr;
+
+  static bool uart_read(void *thiz, uint8_t *buffer, size_t len) {
+    TMC2209_UART *dev = (TMC2209_UART *)thiz;
+    uint16_t timeout = 100;
+    while (dev->_uart_stream->available() < len && timeout--) {
+      delay(1);
+    }
+    if (timeout == 0) {
+      DEBUG_PRINTLN("Read timeout!");
+      return false;
+    }
+
+    DEBUG_PRINT("Reading: ");
+    for (size_t i = 0; i < len; i++) {
+      buffer[i] = dev->_uart_stream->read();
+      DEBUG_PRINT_HEX(buffer[i]);
+    }
+    DEBUG_PRINTLN("");
+
+    return true;
+  }
+
+  static bool uart_write(void *thiz, const uint8_t *buffer, size_t len) {
+    TMC2209_UART *dev = (TMC2209_UART *)thiz;
+    DEBUG_PRINT("Writing: ");
+    for (size_t i = 0; i < len; i++) {
+      DEBUG_PRINT_HEX(buffer[i]);
+    }
+    DEBUG_PRINTLN("");
+
+    dev->_uart_stream->write(buffer, len);
+    return true;
+  }
+
+  static bool uart_readreg(void *thiz, uint8_t *addr_buf, uint8_t addrsiz,
+                           uint8_t *data, uint16_t datalen) {
+    TMC2209_UART *dev = (TMC2209_UART *)thiz;
+    while (dev->_uart_stream->available())
+      dev->_uart_stream->read();
+
+    uint8_t packet[4] = {0x05, uint8_t(dev->_addr << 1), addr_buf[0], 0x00};
+
+    packet[3] = calcCRC(packet, 3);
+    if (!uart_write(thiz, packet, 4))
+      return false;
+
+    // Read back echo
+    uint8_t echo[4];
+    if (!uart_read(thiz, echo, 4))
+      return false;
+
+    // Verify echo
+    for (uint8_t i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
+      if (echo[i] != packet[i]) {
+        DEBUG_PRINTLN("Echo mismatch");
+        return false;
+      }
+    }
+
+    uint8_t response[8]; // sync + 0xFF + reg + 4 data bytes + CRC
+    if (!uart_read(thiz, response, 8))
+      return false;
+
+    // Verify response
+    if (response[0] != 0x05) {
+      DEBUG_PRINTLN("Invalid sync byte");
+      return false;
+    }
+
+    if (response[1] != 0xFF) {
+      DEBUG_PRINTLN("Invalid reply address");
+      return false;
+    }
+
+    if (response[2] != addr_buf[0]) {
+      DEBUG_PRINTLN("Register mismatch");
+      return false;
+    }
+
+    uint8_t crc = calcCRC(response, 7);
+    if (crc != response[7]) {
+      DEBUG_PRINTLN("CRC mismatch");
+      return false;
+    }
+
+    memcpy(data, &response[3], 4);
+    return true;
+  }
+
+  static bool uart_writereg(void *thiz, uint8_t *addr_buf, uint8_t addrsiz,
+                            const uint8_t *data, uint16_t datalen) {
+    TMC2209_UART *dev = (TMC2209_UART *)thiz;
+    while (dev->_uart_stream->available())
+      dev->_uart_stream->read();
+
+    uint8_t packet[8] = {0x05,
+                         uint8_t(dev->_addr << 1),
+                         uint8_t(addr_buf[0] | 0x80),
+                         data[0],
+                         data[1],
+                         data[2],
+                         data[3],
+                         0x00};
+
+    packet[7] = calcCRC(packet, 7);
+    if (!uart_write(thiz, packet, 8))
+      return false;
+
+    uint8_t echo[8];
+    if (!uart_read(thiz, echo, 8))
+      return false;
+
+    for (uint8_t i = 0; i < 8; i++) {
+      if (echo[i] != packet[i]) {
+        DEBUG_PRINTLN("Write echo mismatch");
+        return false;
+      }
+    }
+
+    return true;
+  }
+
+  static uint8_t calcCRC(uint8_t *data, uint8_t length) {
+    uint8_t crc = 0;
+    for (uint8_t i = 0; i < length; i++) {
+      uint8_t currentByte = data[i];
+      for (uint8_t j = 0; j < 8; j++) {
+        if ((crc >> 7) ^ (currentByte & 0x01)) {
+          crc = (crc << 1) ^ 0x07;
+        } else {
+          crc = crc << 1;
+        }
+        currentByte = currentByte >> 1;
+      }
+    }
+    return crc;
+  }
+
+public:
+  TMC2209_UART(Stream *serial, uint8_t addr)
+      : _uart_stream(serial), _addr(addr) {}
+
+  Adafruit_GenericDevice *createDevice() {
+    return new Adafruit_GenericDevice(this, uart_read, uart_write, uart_readreg,
+                                      uart_writereg);
+  }
+};
+
+void setup() {
+  Serial.begin(115200);
+  while (!Serial)
+    ;
+  delay(100);
+  Serial.println("TMC2209 Generic Device register read/write test!");
+
+  Serial1.begin(115200);
+
+  TMC2209_UART uart(&Serial1, 0);
+  Adafruit_GenericDevice *device = uart.createDevice();
+  device->begin();
+
+  // Create register object for IOIN
+  Adafruit_BusIO_Register ioin_reg(device,
+                                   TMC2209_IOIN, // device and register address
+                                   4,            // width = 4 bytes
+                                   MSBFIRST,     // byte order
+                                   1);           // address width = 1 byte
+  Serial.print("IOIN = 0x");
+  Serial.println(ioin_reg.read(), HEX);
+
+  // Create RegisterBits for VERSION field (bits 31:24)
+  Adafruit_BusIO_RegisterBits version_bits(
+      &ioin_reg, 8, 24); // 8 bits wide, starting at bit 24
+
+  Serial.println("Reading VERSION...");
+  uint8_t version = version_bits.read();
+
+  Serial.print("VERSION = 0x");
+  Serial.println(version, HEX);
+}
+
+void loop() { delay(1000); }
@@ -0,0 +1,98 @@
+/*
+   Abstracted transport for reading and writing data from a UART-based
+   device such as a TMC2209
+
+   Written with help by Claude!
+  https://claude.ai/chat/335f50b1-3dd8-435e-9139-57ec7ca26a3c (at this time
+  chats are not shareable :(
+*/
+
+#include "Adafruit_GenericDevice.h"
+
+/**
+ * Basic UART device class that demonstrates using GenericDevice with a Stream
+ * interface. This example shows how to wrap a Stream (like HardwareSerial or
+ * SoftwareSerial) with read/write callbacks that can be used by BusIO's
+ * register functions.
+ */
+class UARTDevice {
+public:
+  UARTDevice(Stream *serial) : _serial(serial) {}
+
+  // Static callback for writing data to UART
+  // Called by GenericDevice when data needs to be sent
+  static bool uart_write(void *thiz, const uint8_t *buffer, size_t len) {
+    UARTDevice *dev = (UARTDevice *)thiz;
+    dev->_serial->write(buffer, len);
+    return true;
+  }
+
+  // Static callback for reading data from UART
+  // Includes timeout and will return false if not enough data available
+  static bool uart_read(void *thiz, uint8_t *buffer, size_t len) {
+    UARTDevice *dev = (UARTDevice *)thiz;
+    uint16_t timeout = 100;
+    while (dev->_serial->available() < len && timeout--) {
+      delay(1);
+    }
+    if (timeout == 0) {
+      return false;
+    }
+    for (size_t i = 0; i < len; i++) {
+      buffer[i] = dev->_serial->read();
+    }
+    return true;
+  }
+
+  // Create a GenericDevice instance using our callbacks
+  Adafruit_GenericDevice *createDevice() {
+    return new Adafruit_GenericDevice(this, uart_read, uart_write);
+  }
+
+private:
+  Stream *_serial; // Underlying Stream instance (HardwareSerial, etc)
+};
+
+void setup() {
+  Serial.begin(115200);
+  while (!Serial)
+    ;
+  delay(100);
+
+  Serial.println("Generic Device test!");
+
+  // Initialize UART for device communication
+  Serial1.begin(115200);
+
+  // Create UART wrapper and BusIO device
+  UARTDevice uart(&Serial1);
+  Adafruit_GenericDevice *device = uart.createDevice();
+  device->begin();
+
+  // Test write/read cycle
+  uint8_t write_buf[4] = {0x5, 0x0, 0x0, 0x48};
+  uint8_t read_buf[8];
+
+  Serial.println("Writing data...");
+  if (!device->write(write_buf, 4)) {
+    Serial.println("Write failed!");
+    return;
+  }
+
+  Serial.println("Reading response...");
+  if (!device->read(read_buf, 8)) {
+    Serial.println("Read failed!");
+    return;
+  }
+
+  // Print response bytes
+  Serial.print("Got response: ");
+  for (int i = 0; i < 8; i++) {
+    Serial.print("0x");
+    Serial.print(read_buf[i], HEX);
+    Serial.print(" ");
+  }
+  Serial.println();
+}
+
+void loop() { delay(1000); }
@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+#include <Adafruit_I2CDevice.h>
+
+Adafruit_I2CDevice i2c_dev = Adafruit_I2CDevice(0x10);
+
+void setup() {
+  while (!Serial) {
+    delay(10);
+  }
+  Serial.begin(115200);
+  Serial.println("I2C address detection test");
+
+  if (!i2c_dev.begin()) {
+    Serial.print("Did not find device at 0x");
+    Serial.println(i2c_dev.address(), HEX);
+    while (1)
+      ;
+  }
+  Serial.print("Device found on address 0x");
+  Serial.println(i2c_dev.address(), HEX);
+}
+
+void loop() {}
@@ -0,0 +1,45 @@
+#include <Adafruit_I2CDevice.h>
+
+#define I2C_ADDRESS 0x60
+Adafruit_I2CDevice i2c_dev = Adafruit_I2CDevice(I2C_ADDRESS);
+
+void setup() {
+  while (!Serial) {
+    delay(10);
+  }
+  Serial.begin(115200);
+  Serial.println("I2C device read and write test");
+
+  if (!i2c_dev.begin()) {
+    Serial.print("Did not find device at 0x");
+    Serial.println(i2c_dev.address(), HEX);
+    while (1)
+      ;
+  }
+  Serial.print("Device found on address 0x");
+  Serial.println(i2c_dev.address(), HEX);
+
+  uint8_t buffer[32];
+  // Try to read 32 bytes
+  i2c_dev.read(buffer, 32);
+  Serial.print("Read: ");
+  for (uint8_t i = 0; i < 32; i++) {
+    Serial.print("0x");
+    Serial.print(buffer[i], HEX);
+    Serial.print(", ");
+  }
+  Serial.println();
+
+  // read a register by writing first, then reading
+  buffer[0] = 0x0C; // we'll reuse the same buffer
+  i2c_dev.write_then_read(buffer, 1, buffer, 2, false);
+  Serial.print("Write then Read: ");
+  for (uint8_t i = 0; i < 2; i++) {
+    Serial.print("0x");
+    Serial.print(buffer[i], HEX);
+    Serial.print(", ");
+  }
+  Serial.println();
+}
+
+void loop() {}
@@ -0,0 +1,43 @@
+#include <Adafruit_BusIO_Register.h>
+#include <Adafruit_I2CDevice.h>
+
+#define I2C_ADDRESS 0x60
+Adafruit_I2CDevice i2c_dev = Adafruit_I2CDevice(I2C_ADDRESS);
+
+void setup() {
+  while (!Serial) {
+    delay(10);
+  }
+  Serial.begin(115200);
+  Serial.println("I2C device register test");
+
+  if (!i2c_dev.begin()) {
+    Serial.print("Did not find device at 0x");
+    Serial.println(i2c_dev.address(), HEX);
+    while (1)
+      ;
+  }
+  Serial.print("Device found on address 0x");
+  Serial.println(i2c_dev.address(), HEX);
+
+  Adafruit_BusIO_Register id_reg =
+      Adafruit_BusIO_Register(&i2c_dev, 0x0C, 2, LSBFIRST);
+  uint16_t id;
+  id_reg.read(&id);
+  Serial.print("ID register = 0x");
+  Serial.println(id, HEX);
+
+  Adafruit_BusIO_Register thresh_reg =
+      Adafruit_BusIO_Register(&i2c_dev, 0x01, 2, LSBFIRST);
+  uint16_t thresh;
+  thresh_reg.read(&thresh);
+  Serial.print("Initial threshold register = 0x");
+  Serial.println(thresh, HEX);
+
+  thresh_reg.write(~thresh);
+
+  Serial.print("Post threshold register = 0x");
+  Serial.println(thresh_reg.read(), HEX);
+}
+
+void loop() {}
@@ -0,0 +1,40 @@
+#include <Adafruit_BusIO_Register.h>
+
+// Define which interface to use by setting the unused interface to NULL!
+
+#define SPIDEVICE_CS 10
+Adafruit_SPIDevice *spi_dev = NULL; // new Adafruit_SPIDevice(SPIDEVICE_CS);
+
+#define I2C_ADDRESS 0x5D
+Adafruit_I2CDevice *i2c_dev = new Adafruit_I2CDevice(I2C_ADDRESS);
+
+void setup() {
+  while (!Serial) {
+    delay(10);
+  }
+  Serial.begin(115200);
+  Serial.println("I2C or SPI device register test");
+
+  if (spi_dev && !spi_dev->begin()) {
+    Serial.println("Could not initialize SPI device");
+  }
+
+  if (i2c_dev) {
+    if (i2c_dev->begin()) {
+      Serial.print("Device found on I2C address 0x");
+      Serial.println(i2c_dev->address(), HEX);
+    } else {
+      Serial.print("Did not find I2C device at 0x");
+      Serial.println(i2c_dev->address(), HEX);
+    }
+  }
+
+  Adafruit_BusIO_Register id_reg =
+      Adafruit_BusIO_Register(i2c_dev, spi_dev, ADDRBIT8_HIGH_TOREAD, 0x0F);
+  uint8_t id = 0;
+  id_reg.read(&id);
+  Serial.print("ID register = 0x");
+  Serial.println(id, HEX);
+}
+
+void loop() {}
@@ -0,0 +1,35 @@
+#include <Adafruit_SPIDevice.h>
+
+#define SPIDEVICE_CS 10
+Adafruit_SPIDevice spi_dev =
+    Adafruit_SPIDevice(SPIDEVICE_CS, 100000, SPI_BITORDER_MSBFIRST, SPI_MODE1);
+// Adafruit_SPIDevice spi_dev = Adafruit_SPIDevice(SPIDEVICE_CS, 13, 12, 11,
+// 100000, SPI_BITORDER_MSBFIRST, SPI_MODE1);
+
+void setup() {
+  while (!Serial) {
+    delay(10);
+  }
+  Serial.begin(115200);
+  Serial.println("SPI device mode test");
+
+  if (!spi_dev.begin()) {
+    Serial.println("Could not initialize SPI device");
+    while (1)
+      ;
+  }
+}
+
+void loop() {
+  Serial.println("\n\nTransfer test");
+  for (uint16_t x = 0; x <= 0xFF; x++) {
+    uint8_t i = x;
+    Serial.print("0x");
+    Serial.print(i, HEX);
+    spi_dev.read(&i, 1, i);
+    Serial.print("/");
+    Serial.print(i, HEX);
+    Serial.print(", ");
+    delay(25);
+  }
+}
@@ -0,0 +1,43 @@
+#include <Adafruit_SPIDevice.h>
+
+#define SPIDEVICE_CS 10
+Adafruit_SPIDevice spi_dev = Adafruit_SPIDevice(SPIDEVICE_CS);
+
+void setup() {
+  while (!Serial) {
+    delay(10);
+  }
+  Serial.begin(115200);
+  Serial.println("SPI device read and write test");
+
+  if (!spi_dev.begin()) {
+    Serial.println("Could not initialize SPI device");
+    while (1)
+      ;
+  }
+
+  uint8_t buffer[32];
+
+  // Try to read 32 bytes
+  spi_dev.read(buffer, 32);
+  Serial.print("Read: ");
+  for (uint8_t i = 0; i < 32; i++) {
+    Serial.print("0x");
+    Serial.print(buffer[i], HEX);
+    Serial.print(", ");
+  }
+  Serial.println();
+
+  // read a register by writing first, then reading
+  buffer[0] = 0x8F; // we'll reuse the same buffer
+  spi_dev.write_then_read(buffer, 1, buffer, 2, false);
+  Serial.print("Write then Read: ");
+  for (uint8_t i = 0; i < 2; i++) {
+    Serial.print("0x");
+    Serial.print(buffer[i], HEX);
+    Serial.print(", ");
+  }
+  Serial.println();
+}
+
+void loop() {}
@@ -0,0 +1,268 @@
+/***************************************************
+
+  This is an example for how to use Adafruit_BusIO_RegisterBits from
+ Adafruit_BusIO library.
+
+  Designed specifically to work with the Adafruit RTD Sensor
+  ----> https://www.adafruit.com/products/3328
+  uisng a MAX31865 RTD-to-Digital Converter
+  ----> https://datasheets.maximintegrated.com/en/ds/MAX31865.pdf
+
+  This sensor uses SPI to communicate, 4 pins are required to
+  interface.
+  A fifth pin helps to detect when a new conversion is ready.
+
+  Adafruit invests time and resources providing this open source code,
+  please support Adafruit and open-source hardware by purchasing
+  products from Adafruit!
+
+  Example written (2020/3) by Andreas Hardtung/AnHard.
+  BSD license, all text above must be included in any redistribution
+ ****************************************************/
+
+#include <Adafruit_BusIO_Register.h>
+#include <Adafruit_SPIDevice.h>
+
+#define MAX31865_SPI_SPEED (5000000)
+#define MAX31865_SPI_BITORDER (SPI_BITORDER_MSBFIRST)
+#define MAX31865_SPI_MODE (SPI_MODE1)
+
+#define MAX31865_SPI_CS (10)
+#define MAX31865_READY_PIN (2)
+
+Adafruit_SPIDevice spi_dev = Adafruit_SPIDevice(
+    MAX31865_SPI_CS, MAX31865_SPI_SPEED, MAX31865_SPI_BITORDER,
+    MAX31865_SPI_MODE, &SPI); // Hardware SPI
+// Adafruit_SPIDevice spi_dev = Adafruit_SPIDevice( MAX31865_SPI_CS, 13, 12, 11,
+// MAX31865_SPI_SPEED, MAX31865_SPI_BITORDER, MAX31865_SPI_MODE); // Software
+// SPI
+
+// MAX31865 chip related
+// *********************************************************************************************
+Adafruit_BusIO_Register config_reg =
+    Adafruit_BusIO_Register(&spi_dev, 0x00, ADDRBIT8_HIGH_TOWRITE, 1, MSBFIRST);
+Adafruit_BusIO_RegisterBits bias_bit =
+    Adafruit_BusIO_RegisterBits(&config_reg, 1, 7);
+Adafruit_BusIO_RegisterBits auto_bit =
+    Adafruit_BusIO_RegisterBits(&config_reg, 1, 6);
+Adafruit_BusIO_RegisterBits oneS_bit =
+    Adafruit_BusIO_RegisterBits(&config_reg, 1, 5);
+Adafruit_BusIO_RegisterBits wire_bit =
+    Adafruit_BusIO_RegisterBits(&config_reg, 1, 4);
+Adafruit_BusIO_RegisterBits faultT_bits =
+    Adafruit_BusIO_RegisterBits(&config_reg, 2, 2);
+Adafruit_BusIO_RegisterBits faultR_bit =
+    Adafruit_BusIO_RegisterBits(&config_reg, 1, 1);
+Adafruit_BusIO_RegisterBits fi50hz_bit =
+    Adafruit_BusIO_RegisterBits(&config_reg, 1, 0);
+
+Adafruit_BusIO_Register rRatio_reg =
+    Adafruit_BusIO_Register(&spi_dev, 0x01, ADDRBIT8_HIGH_TOWRITE, 2, MSBFIRST);
+Adafruit_BusIO_RegisterBits rRatio_bits =
+    Adafruit_BusIO_RegisterBits(&rRatio_reg, 15, 1);
+Adafruit_BusIO_RegisterBits fault_bit =
+    Adafruit_BusIO_RegisterBits(&rRatio_reg, 1, 0);
+
+Adafruit_BusIO_Register maxRratio_reg =
+    Adafruit_BusIO_Register(&spi_dev, 0x03, ADDRBIT8_HIGH_TOWRITE, 2, MSBFIRST);
+Adafruit_BusIO_RegisterBits maxRratio_bits =
+    Adafruit_BusIO_RegisterBits(&maxRratio_reg, 15, 1);
+
+Adafruit_BusIO_Register minRratio_reg =
+    Adafruit_BusIO_Register(&spi_dev, 0x05, ADDRBIT8_HIGH_TOWRITE, 2, MSBFIRST);
+Adafruit_BusIO_RegisterBits minRratio_bits =
+    Adafruit_BusIO_RegisterBits(&minRratio_reg, 15, 1);
+
+Adafruit_BusIO_Register fault_reg =
+    Adafruit_BusIO_Register(&spi_dev, 0x07, ADDRBIT8_HIGH_TOWRITE, 1, MSBFIRST);
+Adafruit_BusIO_RegisterBits range_high_fault_bit =
+    Adafruit_BusIO_RegisterBits(&fault_reg, 1, 7);
+Adafruit_BusIO_RegisterBits range_low_fault_bit =
+    Adafruit_BusIO_RegisterBits(&fault_reg, 1, 6);
+Adafruit_BusIO_RegisterBits refin_high_fault_bit =
+    Adafruit_BusIO_RegisterBits(&fault_reg, 1, 5);
+Adafruit_BusIO_RegisterBits refin_low_fault_bit =
+    Adafruit_BusIO_RegisterBits(&fault_reg, 1, 4);
+Adafruit_BusIO_RegisterBits rtdin_low_fault_bit =
+    Adafruit_BusIO_RegisterBits(&fault_reg, 1, 3);
+Adafruit_BusIO_RegisterBits voltage_fault_bit =
+    Adafruit_BusIO_RegisterBits(&fault_reg, 1, 2);
+
+// Print the details of the configuration register.
+void printConfig(void) {
+  Serial.print("BIAS: ");
+  if (bias_bit.read())
+    Serial.print("ON");
+  else
+    Serial.print("OFF");
+  Serial.print(", AUTO: ");
+  if (auto_bit.read())
+    Serial.print("ON");
+  else
+    Serial.print("OFF");
+  Serial.print(", ONES: ");
+  if (oneS_bit.read())
+    Serial.print("ON");
+  else
+    Serial.print("OFF");
+  Serial.print(", WIRE: ");
+  if (wire_bit.read())
+    Serial.print("3");
+  else
+    Serial.print("2/4");
+  Serial.print(", FAULTCLEAR: ");
+  if (faultR_bit.read())
+    Serial.print("ON");
+  else
+    Serial.print("OFF");
+  Serial.print(", ");
+  if (fi50hz_bit.read())
+    Serial.print("50HZ");
+  else
+    Serial.print("60HZ");
+  Serial.println();
+}
+
+// Check and print faults. Then clear them.
+void checkFaults(void) {
+  if (fault_bit.read()) {
+    Serial.print("MAX: ");
+    Serial.println(maxRratio_bits.read());
+    Serial.print("VAL: ");
+    Serial.println(rRatio_bits.read());
+    Serial.print("MIN: ");
+    Serial.println(minRratio_bits.read());
+
+    if (range_high_fault_bit.read())
+      Serial.println("Range high fault");
+    if (range_low_fault_bit.read())
+      Serial.println("Range low fault");
+    if (refin_high_fault_bit.read())
+      Serial.println("REFIN high fault");
+    if (refin_low_fault_bit.read())
+      Serial.println("REFIN low fault");
+    if (rtdin_low_fault_bit.read())
+      Serial.println("RTDIN low fault");
+    if (voltage_fault_bit.read())
+      Serial.println("Voltage fault");
+
+    faultR_bit.write(1); // clear fault
+  }
+}
+
+void setup() {
+#if (MAX31865_1_READY_PIN != -1)
+  pinMode(MAX31865_READY_PIN, INPUT_PULLUP);
+#endif
+
+  while (!Serial) {
+    delay(10);
+  }
+  Serial.begin(115200);
+  Serial.println("SPI Adafruit_BusIO_RegisterBits test on MAX31865");
+
+  if (!spi_dev.begin()) {
+    Serial.println("Could not initialize SPI device");
+    while (1)
+      ;
+  }
+
+  // Set up for automode 50Hz. We don't care about selfheating. We want the
+  // highest possible sampling rate.
+  auto_bit.write(0);   // Don't switch filtermode while auto_mode is on.
+  fi50hz_bit.write(1); // Set filter to 50Hz mode.
+  faultR_bit.write(1); // Clear faults.
+  bias_bit.write(1); // In automode we want to have the bias current always on.
+  delay(5);          // Wait until bias current settles down.
+                     // 10.5 time constants of the input RC network is required.
+  // 10ms worst case for 10kω reference resistor and a 0.1µF capacitor
+  // across the RTD inputs. Adafruit Module has 0.1µF and only
+  // 430/4300ω So here 0.43/4.3ms
+  auto_bit.write(
+      1); // Now we can set automode. Automatically starting first conversion.
+
+// Test the READY_PIN
+#if (defined(MAX31865_READY_PIN) && (MAX31865_READY_PIN != -1))
+  int i = 0;
+  while (digitalRead(MAX31865_READY_PIN) && i++ <= 100) {
+    delay(1);
+  }
+  if (i >= 100) {
+    Serial.print("ERROR: Max31865 Pin detection does not work. PIN:");
+    Serial.println(MAX31865_READY_PIN);
+  }
+#else
+  delay(100);
+#endif
+
+  // Set ratio range.
+  // Setting the temperatures would need some more calculation - not related to
+  // Adafruit_BusIO_RegisterBits.
+  uint16_t ratio = rRatio_bits.read();
+  maxRratio_bits.write((ratio < 0x8fffu - 1000u) ? ratio + 1000u : 0x8fffu);
+  minRratio_bits.write((ratio > 1000u) ? ratio - 1000u : 0u);
+
+  printConfig();
+  checkFaults();
+}
+
+void loop() {
+#if (defined(MAX31865_READY_PIN) && (MAX31865_1_READY_PIN != -1))
+  // Is conversion ready?
+  if (!digitalRead(MAX31865_READY_PIN))
+#else
+  // Warant conversion is ready.
+  delay(21); // 21ms for 50Hz-mode. 19ms in 60Hz-mode.
+#endif
+  {
+    // Read ratio, calculate temperature, scale, filter and print.
+    Serial.println(rRatio2C(rRatio_bits.read()) * 100.0f,
+                   0); // Temperature scaled by 100
+    // Check, print, clear faults.
+    checkFaults();
+  }
+
+  // Do something else.
+  // delay(15000);
+}
+
+// Module/Sensor related. Here Adafruit PT100 module with a 2_Wire PT100 Class C
+// *****************************
+float rRatio2C(uint16_t ratio) {
+  // A simple linear conversion.
+  const float R0 = 100.0f;
+  const float Rref = 430.0f;
+  const float alphaPT = 0.003850f;
+  const float ADCmax = (1u << 15) - 1.0f;
+  const float rscale = Rref / ADCmax;
+  // Measured temperature in boiling water 101.08°C with factor a = 1 and b = 0.
+  // Rref and MAX at about 22±2°C. Measured temperature in ice/water bath 0.76°C
+  // with factor a = 1 and b = 0. Rref and MAX at about 22±2°C.
+  // const float a = 1.0f / (alphaPT * R0);
+  const float a = (100.0f / 101.08f) / (alphaPT * R0);
+  // const float b = 0.0f;  // 101.08
+  const float b = -0.76f; // 100.32 > 101.08
+
+  return filterRing(((ratio * rscale) - R0) * a + b);
+}
+
+// General purpose
+// *********************************************************************************************
+#define RINGLENGTH 250
+float filterRing(float newVal) {
+  static float ring[RINGLENGTH] = {0.0};
+  static uint8_t ringIndex = 0;
+  static bool ringFull = false;
+
+  if (ringIndex == RINGLENGTH) {
+    ringFull = true;
+    ringIndex = 0;
+  }
+  ring[ringIndex] = newVal;
+  uint8_t loopEnd = (ringFull) ? RINGLENGTH : ringIndex + 1;
+  float ringSum = 0.0f;
+  for (uint8_t i = 0; i < loopEnd; i++)
+    ringSum += ring[i];
+  ringIndex++;
+  return ringSum / loopEnd;
+}
@@ -0,0 +1,40 @@
+#include <Adafruit_BusIO_Register.h>
+#include <Adafruit_SPIDevice.h>
+
+#define SPIDEVICE_CS 10
+Adafruit_SPIDevice spi_dev = Adafruit_SPIDevice(SPIDEVICE_CS);
+
+void setup() {
+  while (!Serial) {
+    delay(10);
+  }
+  Serial.begin(115200);
+  Serial.println("SPI device register test");
+
+  if (!spi_dev.begin()) {
+    Serial.println("Could not initialize SPI device");
+    while (1)
+      ;
+  }
+
+  Adafruit_BusIO_Register id_reg =
+      Adafruit_BusIO_Register(&spi_dev, 0x0F, ADDRBIT8_HIGH_TOREAD);
+  uint8_t id = 0;
+  id_reg.read(&id);
+  Serial.print("ID register = 0x");
+  Serial.println(id, HEX);
+
+  Adafruit_BusIO_Register thresh_reg = Adafruit_BusIO_Register(
+      &spi_dev, 0x0C, ADDRBIT8_HIGH_TOREAD, 2, LSBFIRST);
+  uint16_t thresh = 0;
+  thresh_reg.read(&thresh);
+  Serial.print("Initial threshold register = 0x");
+  Serial.println(thresh, HEX);
+
+  thresh_reg.write(~thresh);
+
+  Serial.print("Post threshold register = 0x");
+  Serial.println(thresh_reg.read(), HEX);
+}
+
+void loop() {}
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+name=Adafruit BusIO
+version=1.17.4
+author=Adafruit
+maintainer=Adafruit <info@adafruit.com>
+sentence=This is a library for abstracting away UART, I2C and SPI interfacing
+paragraph=This is a library for abstracting away UART, I2C and SPI interfacing
+category=Signal Input/Output
+url=https://github.com/adafruit/Adafruit_BusIO
+architectures=*
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+// ArduinoJson - https://arduinojson.org
+// Copyright © 2014-2026, Benoit BLANCHON
+// MIT License
+
+#include "src/ArduinoJson.h"
@@ -0,0 +1,262 @@
+ArduinoJson: change log
+=======================
+
+v7.4.3 (2026-03-02)
+------
+
+* Fix a buffer overrun in `as<T>()` when `T` is a numeric type and
+  the variant contains a string representing a floating point number
+  with a large number of digits (issue #2220)
+
+v7.4.2 (2025-06-20)
+------
+
+* Fix truncated strings on Arduino Due (issue #2181)
+
+v7.4.1 (2025-04-11)
+------
+
+* Fix crash with tiny Flash strings (issue #2170)
+
+v7.4.0 (2025-04-09)
+------
+
+* Optimize storage of tiny strings (up to 3 characters)
+* Fix support for `const char[]` (issue #2166)
+
+v7.3.1 (2025-02-27)
+------
+
+* Fix conversion from static string to number
+* Slightly reduce code size
+
+v7.3.0 (2024-12-29)
+------
+
+* Fix support for NUL characters in `deserializeJson()`
+* Make `ElementProxy` and `MemberProxy` non-copyable
+* Change string copy policy: only string literal are stored by pointer
+* `JsonString` is now stored by copy, unless specified otherwise
+* Replace undocumented `JsonString::Ownership` with `bool`
+* Rename undocumented `JsonString::isLinked()` to `isStatic()`
+* Move public facing SFINAEs to template declarations
+
+> ### BREAKING CHANGES
+>
+> In previous versions, `MemberProxy` (the class returned by `operator[]`) could lead to dangling pointers when used with a temporary string.
+> To prevent this issue, `MemberProxy` and `ElementProxy` are now non-copyable.
+>
+> Your code is likely to be affected if you use `auto` to store the result of `operator[]`. For example, the following line won't compile anymore:
+>
+> ```cpp
+> auto value = doc["key"];
+> ```
+>
+> To fix the issue, you must append either `.as<T>()` or `.to<T>()`, depending on the situation.
+>
+> For example, if you are extracting values from a JSON document, you should update like this:
+>
+> ```diff
+> - auto config = doc["config"];
+> + auto config = doc["config"].as<JsonObject>();
+> const char* name = config["name"];
+> ```
+>
+> However, if you are building a JSON document, you should update like this:
+>
+> ```diff
+> - auto config = doc["config"];
+> + auto config = doc["config"].to<JsonObject>();
+> config["name"] = "ArduinoJson";
+> ```
+
+v7.2.1 (2024-11-15)
+------
+
+* Forbid `deserializeJson(JsonArray|JsonObject, ...)` (issue #2135)
+* Fix VLA support in `JsonDocument::set()`
+* Fix `operator[](variant)` ignoring NUL characters
+
+v7.2.0 (2024-09-18)
+------
+
+* Store object members with two slots: one for the key and one for the value
+* Store 64-bit numbers (`double` and `long long`) in an additional slot
+* Reduce the slot size (see table below)
+* Improve message when user forgets third arg of `serializeJson()` et al.
+* Set `ARDUINOJSON_USE_DOUBLE` to `0` by default on 8-bit architectures
+* Deprecate `containsKey()` in favor of `doc["key"].is<T>()`
+* Add support for escape sequence `\'` (issue #2124)
+
+| Architecture | before   | after    |
+|--------------|----------|----------|
+| 8-bit        | 8 bytes  | 6 bytes  |
+| 32-bit       | 16 bytes | 8 bytes  |
+| 64-bit       | 24 bytes | 16 bytes |
+
+> ### BREAKING CHANGES
+>
+> After being on the death row for years, the `containsKey()` method has finally been deprecated.
+> You should replace `doc.containsKey("key")` with `doc["key"].is<T>()`, which not only checks that the key exists but also that the value is of the expected type.
+>
+> ```cpp
+> // Before
+> if (doc.containsKey("value")) {
+>   int value = doc["value"];
+>   // ...
+> }
+>
+> // After
+> if (doc["value"].is<int>()) {
+>   int value = doc["value"];
+>   // ...
+> }
+> ```
+
+v7.1.0 (2024-06-27)
+------
+
+* Add `ARDUINOJSON_STRING_LENGTH_SIZE` to the namespace name
+* Add support for MsgPack binary (PR #2078 by @Sanae6)
+* Add support for MsgPack extension
+* Make string support even more generic (PR #2084 by @d-a-v)
+* Optimize `deserializeMsgPack()`
+* Allow using a `JsonVariant` as a key or index (issue #2080)
+  Note: works only for reading, not for writing
+* Support `ElementProxy` and `MemberProxy` in `JsonDocument`'s constructor
+* Don't add partial objects when allocation fails (issue #2081)
+* Read MsgPack's 64-bit integers even if `ARDUINOJSON_USE_LONG_LONG` is `0`
+  (they are set to `null` if they don't fit in a `long`)
+
+v7.0.4 (2024-03-12)
+------
+
+* Make `JSON_STRING_SIZE(N)` return `N+1` to fix third-party code (issue #2054)
+
+v7.0.3 (2024-02-05)
+------
+
+* Improve error messages when using `char` or `char*` (issue #2043)
+* Reduce stack consumption (issue #2046)
+* Fix compatibility with GCC 4.8 (issue #2045)
+
+v7.0.2 (2024-01-19)
+------
+
+* Fix assertion `poolIndex < count_` after `JsonDocument::clear()` (issue #2034)
+
+v7.0.1 (2024-01-10)
+------
+
+* Fix "no matching function" with `JsonObjectConst::operator[]` (issue #2019)
+* Remove unused files in the PlatformIO package
+* Fix `volatile bool` serialized as `1` or `0` instead of `true` or `false` (issue #2029)
+
+v7.0.0 (2024-01-03)
+------
+
+* Remove `BasicJsonDocument`
+* Remove `StaticJsonDocument`
+* Add abstract `Allocator` class
+* Merge `DynamicJsonDocument` with `JsonDocument`
+* Remove `JSON_ARRAY_SIZE()`, `JSON_OBJECT_SIZE()`, and `JSON_STRING_SIZE()`
+* Remove `ARDUINOJSON_ENABLE_STRING_DEDUPLICATION` (string deduplication cannot be disabled anymore)
+* Remove `JsonDocument::capacity()`
+* Store the strings in the heap
+* Reference-count shared strings
+* Always store `serialized("string")` by copy (#1915)
+* Remove the zero-copy mode of `deserializeJson()` and `deserializeMsgPack()`
+* Fix double lookup in `to<JsonVariant>()`
+* Fix double call to `size()` in `serializeMsgPack()`
+* Include `ARDUINOJSON_SLOT_OFFSET_SIZE` in the namespace name
+* Remove `JsonVariant::shallowCopy()`
+* `JsonDocument`'s capacity grows as needed, no need to pass it to the constructor anymore
+* `JsonDocument`'s allocator is not monotonic anymore, removed values get recycled
+* Show a link to the documentation when user passes an unsupported input type
+* Remove `JsonDocument::memoryUsage()`
+* Remove `JsonDocument::garbageCollect()`
+* Add `deserializeJson(JsonVariant, ...)` and `deserializeMsgPack(JsonVariant, ...)` (#1226)
+* Call `shrinkToFit()` in `deserializeJson()` and `deserializeMsgPack()`
+* `serializeJson()` and `serializeMsgPack()` replace the content of `std::string` and `String` instead of appending to it
+* Replace `add()` with `add<T>()` (`add(T)` is still supported)
+* Remove `createNestedArray()` and `createNestedObject()` (use `to<JsonArray>()` and `to<JsonObject>()` instead)
+
+> ### BREAKING CHANGES
+>
+> As every major release, ArduinoJson 7 introduces several breaking changes.
+> I added some stubs so that most existing programs should compile, but I highty recommend you upgrade your code.
+>
+> #### `JsonDocument`
+> 
+> In ArduinoJson 6, you could allocate the memory pool on the stack (with `StaticJsonDocument`) or in the heap (with `DynamicJsonDocument`).  
+> In ArduinoJson 7, the memory pool is always allocated in the heap, so `StaticJsonDocument` and `DynamicJsonDocument` have been merged into `JsonDocument`.
+>
+> In ArduinoJson 6, `JsonDocument` had a fixed capacity; in ArduinoJson 7, it has an elastic capacity that grows as needed.
+> Therefore, you don't need to specify the capacity anymore, so the macros `JSON_ARRAY_SIZE()`, `JSON_OBJECT_SIZE()`, and `JSON_STRING_SIZE()` have been removed.
+>
+> ```c++
+> // ArduinoJson 6
+> StaticJsonDocument<256> doc;
+> // or
+> DynamicJsonDocument doc(256);
+> 
+> // ArduinoJson 7
+> JsonDocument doc;
+> ```
+>
+> In ArduinoJson 7, `JsonDocument` reuses released memory, so `garbageCollect()` has been removed.  
+> `shrinkToFit()` is still available and releases the over-allocated memory.
+>
+> Due to a change in the implementation, it's not possible to store a pointer to a variant from another `JsonDocument`, so `shallowCopy()` has been removed.
+> 
+> In ArduinoJson 6, the meaning of `memoryUsage()` was clear: it returned the number of bytes used in the memory pool.  
+> In ArduinoJson 7, the meaning of `memoryUsage()` would be ambiguous, so it has been removed.
+>
+> #### Custom allocators
+>
+> In ArduinoJson 6, you could specify a custom allocator class as a template parameter of `BasicJsonDocument`.  
+> In ArduinoJson 7, you must inherit from `ArduinoJson::Allocator` and pass a pointer to an instance of your class to the constructor of `JsonDocument`.
+>
+> ```c++
+> // ArduinoJson 6
+> class MyAllocator {
+>   // ...
+> };
+> BasicJsonDocument<MyAllocator> doc(256);
+>
+> // ArduinoJson 7
+> class MyAllocator : public ArduinoJson::Allocator {
+>   // ...
+> };
+> MyAllocator myAllocator;
+> JsonDocument doc(&myAllocator);
+> ```
+>
+> #### `createNestedArray()` and `createNestedObject()`
+>
+> In ArduinoJson 6, you could create a nested array or object with `createNestedArray()` and `createNestedObject()`.  
+> In ArduinoJson 7, you must use `add<T>()` or `to<T>()` instead.
+>
+> For example, to create `[[],{}]`, you would write:
+>
+> ```c++
+> // ArduinoJson 6
+> arr.createNestedArray();
+> arr.createNestedObject();
+>
+> // ArduinoJson 7
+> arr.add<JsonArray>();
+> arr.add<JsonObject>();
+> ```
+>
+> And to create `{"array":[],"object":{}}`, you would write:
+>
+> ```c++
+> // ArduinoJson 6
+> obj.createNestedArray("array");
+> obj.createNestedObject("object");
+>
+> // ArduinoJson 7
+> obj["array"].to<JsonArray>();
+> obj["object"].to<JsonObject>();
+> ```
@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+# ArduinoJson - https://arduinojson.org
+# Copyright © 2014-2026, Benoit BLANCHON
+# MIT License
+
+cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 3.15)
+
+if(ESP_PLATFORM)
+	# Build ArduinoJson as an ESP-IDF component
+	idf_component_register(INCLUDE_DIRS src)
+	return()
+endif()
+
+project(ArduinoJson VERSION 7.4.3)
+
+if(CMAKE_PROJECT_NAME STREQUAL PROJECT_NAME)
+	include(CTest)
+endif()
+
+add_subdirectory(src)
+
+if(CMAKE_PROJECT_NAME STREQUAL PROJECT_NAME AND BUILD_TESTING)
+	include(extras/CompileOptions.cmake)
+	add_subdirectory(extras/tests)
+	add_subdirectory(extras/fuzzing)
+endif()
@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+# Contribution to ArduinoJson
+
+First, thank you for taking the time to contribute to this project.
+
+You can submit changes via GitHub Pull Requests.
+
+Please:
+
+1. Update the test suite for any change of behavior
+2. Use clang-format in "file" mode to format the code
@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+The MIT License (MIT)
+---------------------
+
+Copyright © 2014-2026, Benoit BLANCHON
+
+Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy of this software and associated documentation files (the “Software”), to deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
+
+The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+
+THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED “AS IS”, WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
@@ -0,0 +1,153 @@
+<p align="center">
+  <a href="https://arduinojson.org/"><img alt="ArduinoJson" src="https://arduinojson.org/images/logo.svg" width="200" /></a>
+</p>
+
+---
+
+[![GitHub Workflow Status](https://img.shields.io/github/actions/workflow/status/bblanchon/ArduinoJson/ci.yml?branch=7.x&logo=github)](https://github.com/bblanchon/ArduinoJson/actions?query=workflow%3A%22Continuous+Integration%22+branch%3A7.x)
+[![Continuous Integration](https://ci.appveyor.com/api/projects/status/m7s53wav1l0abssg/branch/7.x?svg=true)](https://ci.appveyor.com/project/bblanchon/arduinojson/branch/7.x)
+[![Fuzzing Status](https://oss-fuzz-build-logs.storage.googleapis.com/badges/arduinojson.svg)](https://bugs.chromium.org/p/oss-fuzz/issues/list?sort=-opened&can=1&q=proj:arduinojson)
+[![Coveralls branch](https://img.shields.io/coveralls/github/bblanchon/ArduinoJson/7.x?logo=coveralls)](https://coveralls.io/github/bblanchon/ArduinoJson?branch=7.x)  
+[![GitHub stars](https://img.shields.io/github/stars/bblanchon/ArduinoJson?style=flat&logo=github&color=orange)](https://github.com/bblanchon/ArduinoJson/stargazers)
+[![GitHub Sponsors](https://img.shields.io/github/sponsors/bblanchon?logo=github&color=orange)](https://github.com/sponsors/bblanchon)
+
+ArduinoJson is a C++ JSON library for Arduino and IoT (Internet Of Things).
+
+## Features
+
+* [JSON deserialization](https://arduinojson.org/v7/api/json/deserializejson/)
+    * [Optionally decodes UTF-16 escape sequences to UTF-8](https://arduinojson.org/v7/api/config/decode_unicode/)
+    * [Optionally supports comments in the input](https://arduinojson.org/v7/api/config/enable_comments/)
+    * [Optionally filters the input to keep only desired values](https://arduinojson.org/v7/api/json/deserializejson/#filtering)
+    * Supports single quotes as a string delimiter
+    * Compatible with [NDJSON](http://ndjson.org/) and [JSON Lines](https://jsonlines.org/)
+* [JSON serialization](https://arduinojson.org/v7/api/json/serializejson/)
+    * [Can write to a buffer or a stream](https://arduinojson.org/v7/api/json/serializejson/)
+    * [Optionally indents the document (prettified JSON)](https://arduinojson.org/v7/api/json/serializejsonpretty/)
+* [MessagePack serialization](https://arduinojson.org/v7/api/msgpack/serializemsgpack/)
+* [MessagePack deserialization](https://arduinojson.org/v7/api/msgpack/deserializemsgpack/)
+* Efficient
+    * [Twice smaller than the "official" Arduino_JSON library](https://arduinojson.org/2019/11/19/arduinojson-vs-arduino_json/)
+    * [Almost 10% faster than the "official" Arduino_JSON library](https://arduinojson.org/2019/11/19/arduinojson-vs-arduino_json/)
+    * [Consumes roughly 10% less RAM than the "official" Arduino_JSON library](https://arduinojson.org/2019/11/19/arduinojson-vs-arduino_json/)
+    * [Deduplicates strings](https://arduinojson.org/news/2020/08/01/version-6-16-0/)
+* Versatile
+    * Supports [custom allocators (to use external RAM chip, for example)](https://arduinojson.org/v7/how-to/use-external-ram-on-esp32/)
+    * Supports [`String`](https://arduinojson.org/v7/api/config/enable_arduino_string/), [`std::string`](https://arduinojson.org/v7/api/config/enable_std_string/), and [`std::string_view`](https://arduinojson.org/v7/api/config/enable_string_view/)
+    * Supports [`Stream`](https://arduinojson.org/v7/api/config/enable_arduino_stream/) and [`std::istream`/`std::ostream`](https://arduinojson.org/v7/api/config/enable_std_stream/)
+    * Supports [Flash strings](https://arduinojson.org/v7/api/config/enable_progmem/)
+    * Supports [custom readers](https://arduinojson.org/v7/api/json/deserializejson/#custom-reader) and [custom writers](https://arduinojson.org/v7/api/json/serializejson/#custom-writer)
+    * Supports [custom converters](https://arduinojson.org/news/2021/05/04/version-6-18-0/)
+* Portable
+    * Usable on any C++ project (not limited to Arduino)
+    * Compatible with C++11, C++14 and C++17
+    * Support for C++98/C++03 available on [ArduinoJson 6.20.x](https://github.com/bblanchon/ArduinoJson/tree/6.20.x)
+    * Zero warnings with `-Wall -Wextra -pedantic` and `/W4`
+    * [Header-only library](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Header-only)
+    * Works with virtually any board
+        * Arduino boards: [Uno](https://amzn.to/38aL2ik), [Due](https://amzn.to/36YkWi2), [Micro](https://amzn.to/35WkdwG), [Nano](https://amzn.to/2QTvwRX), [Mega](https://amzn.to/36XWhuf), [Yun](https://amzn.to/30odURc), [Leonardo](https://amzn.to/36XWjlR)...
+        * Espressif chips: [ESP8266](https://amzn.to/36YluV8), [ESP32](https://amzn.to/2G4pRCB)
+        * Lolin (WeMos) boards: [D1 mini](https://amzn.to/2QUpz7q), [D1 Mini Pro](https://amzn.to/36UsGSs)...
+        * Teensy boards: [4.0](https://amzn.to/30ljXGq), [3.2](https://amzn.to/2FT0EuC), [2.0](https://amzn.to/2QXUMXj)
+        * Particle boards: [Argon](https://amzn.to/2FQHa9X), [Boron](https://amzn.to/36WgLUd), [Electron](https://amzn.to/30vEc4k), [Photon](https://amzn.to/387F9Cd)...
+        * Texas Instruments boards: [MSP430](https://amzn.to/30nJWgg)...
+        * Soft cores: [Nios II](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nios_II)...
+    * Tested on all major development environments
+        * [Arduino IDE](https://www.arduino.cc/en/Main/Software)
+        * [Atmel Studio](http://www.atmel.com/microsite/atmel-studio/)
+        * [Atollic TrueSTUDIO](https://atollic.com/truestudio/)
+        * [Energia](http://energia.nu/)
+        * [IAR Embedded Workbench](https://www.iar.com/iar-embedded-workbench/)
+        * [Keil uVision](http://www.keil.com/)
+        * [MPLAB X IDE](http://www.microchip.com/mplab/mplab-x-ide)
+        * [Particle](https://www.particle.io/)
+        * [PlatformIO](http://platformio.org/)
+        * [Sloeber plugin for Eclipse](https://eclipse.baeyens.it/)
+        * [Visual Micro](http://www.visualmicro.com/)
+        * [Visual Studio](https://www.visualstudio.com/)
+    * [Even works with online compilers like wandbox.org](https://wandbox.org/permlink/RlZSKy17DjJ6HcdN)
+    * [CMake friendly](https://arduinojson.org/v7/how-to/use-arduinojson-with-cmake/)
+* Well designed
+    * [Elegant API](http://arduinojson.org/v7/example/)
+    * [Thread-safe](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thread_safety)
+    * Self-contained (no external dependency)
+    * `const` friendly
+    * [`for` friendly](https://arduinojson.org/v7/api/jsonobject/begin_end/)
+    * [TMP friendly](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template_metaprogramming)
+    * Handles [integer overflows](https://arduinojson.org/v7/api/jsonvariant/as/#integer-overflows)
+* Well tested
+    * [Unit test coverage close to 100%](https://coveralls.io/github/bblanchon/ArduinoJson?branch=7.x)
+    * Continuously tested on
+        * [Visual Studio 2017, 2019, 2022](https://ci.appveyor.com/project/bblanchon/arduinojson/branch/7.x)
+        * [GCC 4.8, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12](https://github.com/bblanchon/ArduinoJson/actions?query=workflow%3A%22Continuous+Integration%22)
+        * [Clang 7 to 19](https://github.com/bblanchon/ArduinoJson/actions?query=workflow%3A%22Continuous+Integration%22)
+    * [Continuously fuzzed with Google OSS Fuzz](https://bugs.chromium.org/p/oss-fuzz/issues/list?sort=-opened&can=1&q=proj:arduinojson)
+    * Passes all default checks of [clang-tidy](https://releases.llvm.org/10.0.0/tools/clang/tools/extra/docs/clang-tidy/)
+* Well documented
+    * [Tutorials](https://arduinojson.org/v7/doc/deserialization/)
+    * [Examples](https://arduinojson.org/v7/example/)
+    * [How-tos](https://arduinojson.org/v7/example/)
+    * [FAQ](https://arduinojson.org/v7/faq/)
+    * [Troubleshooter](https://arduinojson.org/v7/troubleshooter/)
+    * [Book](https://arduinojson.org/book/)
+    * [Changelog](CHANGELOG.md)
+* Vibrant user community
+    * Most popular of all Arduino libraries on [GitHub](https://github.com/search?o=desc&q=arduino+library&s=stars&type=Repositories)
+    * [Used in hundreds of projects](https://www.hackster.io/search?i=projects&q=arduinojson)
+    * [Responsive support](https://github.com/bblanchon/ArduinoJson/issues?q=is%3Aissue+is%3Aclosed)
+
+## Quickstart
+
+### Deserialization
+
+Here is a program that parses a JSON document with ArduinoJson.
+
+```c++
+const char* json = "{\"sensor\":\"gps\",\"time\":1351824120,\"data\":[48.756080,2.302038]}";
+
+JsonDocument doc;
+deserializeJson(doc, json);
+
+const char* sensor = doc["sensor"];
+long time          = doc["time"];
+double latitude    = doc["data"][0];
+double longitude   = doc["data"][1];
+```
+
+See the [tutorial on arduinojson.org](https://arduinojson.org/v7/doc/deserialization/)
+
+### Serialization
+
+Here is a program that generates a JSON document with ArduinoJson:
+
+```c++
+JsonDocument doc;
+
+doc["sensor"] = "gps";
+doc["time"]   = 1351824120;
+doc["data"][0] = 48.756080;
+doc["data"][1] = 2.302038;
+
+serializeJson(doc, Serial);
+// This prints:
+// {"sensor":"gps","time":1351824120,"data":[48.756080,2.302038]}
+```
+
+See the [tutorial on arduinojson.org](https://arduinojson.org/v7/doc/serialization/)
+
+## Sponsors
+
+ArduinoJson is thankful to its sponsors. Please give them a visit; they deserve it!
+
+<p>
+  <a href="https://github.com/1technophile" rel="sponsored">
+    <img alt="1technophile" src="https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/12672732?s=40&v=4">
+  </a>
+  <a href="https://github.com/LArkema" rel="sponsored">
+    <img alt="LArkema" src="https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/38381313?s=40&v=4">
+  </a>
+</p>
+
+If you run a commercial project that embeds ArduinoJson, think about [sponsoring the library's development](https://github.com/sponsors/bblanchon): it ensures the code that your products rely on stays actively maintained. It can also give your project some exposure to the makers' community.
+
+If you are an individual user and want to support the development (or give a sign of appreciation), consider purchasing the book [Mastering ArduinoJson](https://arduinojson.org/book/)&nbsp;❤, or simply [cast a star](https://github.com/bblanchon/ArduinoJson/stargazers)&nbsp;⭐.
@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+# ArduinoJson Support
+
+First off, thank you very much for using ArduinoJson.
+
+We'll be very happy to help you, but first please read the following.
+
+## Before asking for help
+
+1. Read the [FAQ](https://arduinojson.org/faq/?utm_source=github&utm_medium=support)
+2. Search in the [API Reference](https://arduinojson.org/api/?utm_source=github&utm_medium=support)
+
+If you did not find the answer, please create a [new issue on GitHub](https://github.com/bblanchon/ArduinoJson/issues/new).
+
+It is OK to add a comment to a currently opened issue, but please avoid adding comments to a closed issue.
+
+## Before hitting the Submit button
+
+Please provide all the relevant information:
+
+* Good title
+* Short description of the problem
+* Target platform
+* Compiler model and version
+* [MVCE](https://stackoverflow.com/help/mcve)
+* Compiler output
+
+Good questions get fast answers!
@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+version: 7.4.3.{build}
+environment:
+  matrix:
+    - APPVEYOR_BUILD_WORKER_IMAGE: Visual Studio 2022
+      CMAKE_GENERATOR: Visual Studio 17 2022
+    - APPVEYOR_BUILD_WORKER_IMAGE: Visual Studio 2019
+      CMAKE_GENERATOR: Visual Studio 16 2019
+    - APPVEYOR_BUILD_WORKER_IMAGE: Visual Studio 2017
+      CMAKE_GENERATOR: Visual Studio 15 2017
+    - CMAKE_GENERATOR: Ninja
+      MINGW32: i686-6.3.0-posix-dwarf-rt_v5-rev1 # MinGW-w64 6.3.0 i686
+    - CMAKE_GENERATOR: Ninja
+      MINGW64: x86_64-6.3.0-posix-seh-rt_v5-rev1 # MinGW-w64 6.3.0 x86_64
+    - CMAKE_GENERATOR: Ninja
+      MINGW64: x86_64-7.3.0-posix-seh-rt_v5-rev0 # MinGW-w64 7.3.0 x86_64
+    - CMAKE_GENERATOR: Ninja
+      MINGW64: x86_64-8.1.0-posix-seh-rt_v6-rev0 # MinGW-w64 8.1.0 x86_64
+configuration: Debug
+before_build:
+  - set PATH=%PATH:C:\Program Files\Git\usr\bin;=% # Workaround for CMake not wanting sh.exe on PATH for MinGW
+  - if defined MINGW set PATH=C:\%MINGW%\bin;%PATH%
+  - if defined MINGW32 set PATH=C:\mingw-w64\%MINGW32%\mingw32\bin;%PATH%
+  - if defined MINGW64 set PATH=C:\mingw-w64\%MINGW64%\mingw64\bin;%PATH%
+  - cmake -DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=%CONFIGURATION% -G "%CMAKE_GENERATOR%" .
+build_script:
+  - cmake --build . --config %CONFIGURATION%
+test_script:
+  - ctest -C %CONFIGURATION% --output-on-failure .
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+COMPONENT_ADD_INCLUDEDIRS := src
@@ -0,0 +1,152 @@
+// ArduinoJson - https://arduinojson.org
+// Copyright © 2014-2026, Benoit BLANCHON
+// MIT License
+//
+// This example shows how to store your project configuration in a file.
+// It uses the SD library but can be easily modified for any other file-system.
+//
+// The file contains a JSON document with the following content:
+// {
+//   "hostname": "examples.com",
+//   "port": 2731
+// }
+//
+// To run this program, you need an SD card connected to the SPI bus as follows:
+// * MOSI <-> pin 11
+// * MISO <-> pin 12
+// * CLK  <-> pin 13
+// * CS   <-> pin 4
+//
+// https://arduinojson.org/v7/example/config/
+
+#include <ArduinoJson.h>
+#include <SD.h>
+#include <SPI.h>
+
+// Our configuration structure.
+struct Config {
+  char hostname[64];
+  int port;
+};
+
+const char* filename = "/config.txt";  // <- SD library uses 8.3 filenames
+Config config;                         // <- global configuration object
+
+// Loads the configuration from a file
+void loadConfiguration(const char* filename, Config& config) {
+  // Open file for reading
+  File file = SD.open(filename);
+
+  // Allocate a temporary JsonDocument
+  JsonDocument doc;
+
+  // Deserialize the JSON document
+  DeserializationError error = deserializeJson(doc, file);
+  if (error)
+    Serial.println(F("Failed to read file, using default configuration"));
+
+  // Copy values from the JsonDocument to the Config
+  config.port = doc["port"] | 2731;
+  strlcpy(config.hostname,                  // <- destination
+          doc["hostname"] | "example.com",  // <- source
+          sizeof(config.hostname));         // <- destination's capacity
+
+  // Close the file (Curiously, File's destructor doesn't close the file)
+  file.close();
+}
+
+// Saves the configuration to a file
+void saveConfiguration(const char* filename, const Config& config) {
+  // Delete existing file, otherwise the configuration is appended to the file
+  SD.remove(filename);
+
+  // Open file for writing
+  File file = SD.open(filename, FILE_WRITE);
+  if (!file) {
+    Serial.println(F("Failed to create file"));
+    return;
+  }
+
+  // Allocate a temporary JsonDocument
+  JsonDocument doc;
+
+  // Set the values in the document
+  doc["hostname"] = config.hostname;
+  doc["port"] = config.port;
+
+  // Serialize JSON to file
+  if (serializeJson(doc, file) == 0) {
+    Serial.println(F("Failed to write to file"));
+  }
+
+  // Close the file
+  file.close();
+}
+
+// Prints the content of a file to the Serial
+void printFile(const char* filename) {
+  // Open file for reading
+  File file = SD.open(filename);
+  if (!file) {
+    Serial.println(F("Failed to read file"));
+    return;
+  }
+
+  // Extract each characters by one by one
+  while (file.available()) {
+    Serial.print((char)file.read());
+  }
+  Serial.println();
+
+  // Close the file
+  file.close();
+}
+
+void setup() {
+  // Initialize serial port
+  Serial.begin(9600);
+  while (!Serial)
+    continue;
+
+  // Initialize SD library
+  const int chipSelect = 4;
+  while (!SD.begin(chipSelect)) {
+    Serial.println(F("Failed to initialize SD library"));
+    delay(1000);
+  }
+
+  // Should load default config if run for the first time
+  Serial.println(F("Loading configuration..."));
+  loadConfiguration(filename, config);
+
+  // Create configuration file
+  Serial.println(F("Saving configuration..."));
+  saveConfiguration(filename, config);
+
+  // Dump config file
+  Serial.println(F("Print config file..."));
+  printFile(filename);
+}
+
+void loop() {
+  // not used in this example
+}
+
+// Performance issue?
+// ------------------
+//
+// File is an unbuffered stream, which is not optimal for ArduinoJson.
+// See: https://arduinojson.org/v7/how-to/improve-speed/
+
+// See also
+// --------
+//
+// https://arduinojson.org/ contains the documentation for all the functions
+// used above. It also includes an FAQ that will help you solve any
+// serialization or deserialization problem.
+//
+// The book "Mastering ArduinoJson" contains a case study of a project that has
+// a complex configuration with nested members.
+// Contrary to this example, the project in the book uses the SPIFFS filesystem.
+// Learn more at https://arduinojson.org/book/
+// Use the coupon code TWENTY for a 20% discount ❤❤❤❤❤
@@ -0,0 +1,64 @@
+// ArduinoJson - https://arduinojson.org
+// Copyright © 2014-2026, Benoit BLANCHON
+// MIT License
+//
+// This example shows how to use DeserializationOption::Filter
+//
+// https://arduinojson.org/v7/example/filter/
+
+#include <ArduinoJson.h>
+
+void setup() {
+  // Initialize serial port
+  Serial.begin(9600);
+  while (!Serial)
+    continue;
+
+  // The huge input: an extract from OpenWeatherMap response
+  auto input_json = F(
+      "{\"cod\":\"200\",\"message\":0,\"list\":[{\"dt\":1581498000,\"main\":{"
+      "\"temp\":3.23,\"feels_like\":-3.63,\"temp_min\":3.23,\"temp_max\":4.62,"
+      "\"pressure\":1014,\"sea_level\":1014,\"grnd_level\":1010,\"humidity\":"
+      "58,\"temp_kf\":-1.39},\"weather\":[{\"id\":800,\"main\":\"Clear\","
+      "\"description\":\"clear "
+      "sky\",\"icon\":\"01d\"}],\"clouds\":{\"all\":0},\"wind\":{\"speed\":6."
+      "19,\"deg\":266},\"sys\":{\"pod\":\"d\"},\"dt_txt\":\"2020-02-12 "
+      "09:00:00\"},{\"dt\":1581508800,\"main\":{\"temp\":6.09,\"feels_like\":-"
+      "1.07,\"temp_min\":6.09,\"temp_max\":7.13,\"pressure\":1015,\"sea_"
+      "level\":1015,\"grnd_level\":1011,\"humidity\":48,\"temp_kf\":-1.04},"
+      "\"weather\":[{\"id\":800,\"main\":\"Clear\",\"description\":\"clear "
+      "sky\",\"icon\":\"01d\"}],\"clouds\":{\"all\":9},\"wind\":{\"speed\":6."
+      "64,\"deg\":268},\"sys\":{\"pod\":\"d\"},\"dt_txt\":\"2020-02-12 "
+      "12:00:00\"}],\"city\":{\"id\":2643743,\"name\":\"London\",\"coord\":{"
+      "\"lat\":51.5085,\"lon\":-0.1257},\"country\":\"GB\",\"population\":"
+      "1000000,\"timezone\":0,\"sunrise\":1581492085,\"sunset\":1581527294}}");
+
+  // The filter: it contains "true" for each value we want to keep
+  JsonDocument filter;
+  filter["list"][0]["dt"] = true;
+  filter["list"][0]["main"]["temp"] = true;
+
+  // Deserialize the document
+  JsonDocument doc;
+  deserializeJson(doc, input_json, DeserializationOption::Filter(filter));
+
+  // Print the result
+  serializeJsonPretty(doc, Serial);
+}
+
+void loop() {
+  // not used in this example
+}
+
+// See also
+// --------
+//
+// https://arduinojson.org/ contains the documentation for all the functions
+// used above. It also includes an FAQ that will help you solve any
+// deserialization problem.
+//
+// The book "Mastering ArduinoJson" contains a tutorial on deserialization.
+// It begins with a simple example, like the one above, and then adds more
+// features like deserializing directly from a file or an HTTP request.
+// Learn more at https://arduinojson.org/book/
+// Use the coupon code TWENTY for a 20% discount ❤❤❤❤❤
@@ -0,0 +1,65 @@
+// ArduinoJson - https://arduinojson.org
+// Copyright © 2014-2026, Benoit BLANCHON
+// MIT License
+//
+// This example shows how to generate a JSON document with ArduinoJson.
+//
+// https://arduinojson.org/v7/example/generator/
+
+#include <ArduinoJson.h>
+
+void setup() {
+  // Initialize Serial port
+  Serial.begin(9600);
+  while (!Serial)
+    continue;
+
+  // Allocate the JSON document
+  JsonDocument doc;
+
+  // Add values in the document
+  doc["sensor"] = "gps";
+  doc["time"] = 1351824120;
+
+  // Add an array
+  JsonArray data = doc["data"].to<JsonArray>();
+  data.add(48.756080);
+  data.add(2.302038);
+
+  // Generate the minified JSON and send it to the Serial port
+  serializeJson(doc, Serial);
+  // The above line prints:
+  // {"sensor":"gps","time":1351824120,"data":[48.756080,2.302038]}
+
+  // Start a new line
+  Serial.println();
+
+  // Generate the prettified JSON and send it to the Serial port
+  serializeJsonPretty(doc, Serial);
+  // The above line prints:
+  // {
+  //   "sensor": "gps",
+  //   "time": 1351824120,
+  //   "data": [
+  //     48.756080,
+  //     2.302038
+  //   ]
+  // }
+}
+
+void loop() {
+  // not used in this example
+}
+
+// See also
+// --------
+//
+// https://arduinojson.org/ contains the documentation for all the functions
+// used above. It also includes an FAQ that will help you solve any
+// serialization problem.
+//
+// The book "Mastering ArduinoJson" contains a tutorial on serialization.
+// It begins with a simple example, like the one above, and then adds more
+// features like serializing directly to a file or an HTTP request.
+// Learn more at https://arduinojson.org/book/
+// Use the coupon code TWENTY for a 20% discount ❤❤❤❤❤
@@ -0,0 +1,125 @@
+// ArduinoJson - https://arduinojson.org
+// Copyright © 2014-2026, Benoit BLANCHON
+// MIT License
+//
+// This example shows how to parse a JSON document in an HTTP response.
+// It uses the Ethernet library, but can be easily adapted for Wifi.
+//
+// It performs a GET resquest on https://arduinojson.org/example.json
+// Here is the expected response:
+// {
+//   "sensor": "gps",
+//   "time": 1351824120,
+//   "data": [
+//     48.756080,
+//     2.302038
+//   ]
+// }
+//
+// https://arduinojson.org/v7/example/http-client/
+
+#include <ArduinoJson.h>
+#include <Ethernet.h>
+#include <SPI.h>
+
+void setup() {
+  // Initialize Serial port
+  Serial.begin(9600);
+  while (!Serial)
+    continue;
+
+  // Initialize Ethernet library
+  byte mac[] = {0xDE, 0xAD, 0xBE, 0xEF, 0xFE, 0xED};
+  if (!Ethernet.begin(mac)) {
+    Serial.println(F("Failed to configure Ethernet"));
+    return;
+  }
+  delay(1000);
+
+  Serial.println(F("Connecting..."));
+
+  // Connect to HTTP server
+  EthernetClient client;
+  client.setTimeout(10000);
+  if (!client.connect("arduinojson.org", 80)) {
+    Serial.println(F("Connection failed"));
+    return;
+  }
+
+  Serial.println(F("Connected!"));
+
+  // Send HTTP request
+  client.println(F("GET /example.json HTTP/1.0"));
+  client.println(F("Host: arduinojson.org"));
+  client.println(F("Connection: close"));
+  if (client.println() == 0) {
+    Serial.println(F("Failed to send request"));
+    client.stop();
+    return;
+  }
+
+  // Check HTTP status
+  char status[32] = {0};
+  client.readBytesUntil('\r', status, sizeof(status));
+  // It should be "HTTP/1.0 200 OK" or "HTTP/1.1 200 OK"
+  if (strcmp(status + 9, "200 OK") != 0) {
+    Serial.print(F("Unexpected response: "));
+    Serial.println(status);
+    client.stop();
+    return;
+  }
+
+  // Skip HTTP headers
+  char endOfHeaders[] = "\r\n\r\n";
+  if (!client.find(endOfHeaders)) {
+    Serial.println(F("Invalid response"));
+    client.stop();
+    return;
+  }
+
+  // Allocate the JSON document
+  JsonDocument doc;
+
+  // Parse JSON object
+  DeserializationError error = deserializeJson(doc, client);
+  if (error) {
+    Serial.print(F("deserializeJson() failed: "));
+    Serial.println(error.f_str());
+    client.stop();
+    return;
+  }
+
+  // Extract values
+  Serial.println(F("Response:"));
+  Serial.println(doc["sensor"].as<const char*>());
+  Serial.println(doc["time"].as<long>());
+  Serial.println(doc["data"][0].as<float>(), 6);
+  Serial.println(doc["data"][1].as<float>(), 6);
+
+  // Disconnect
+  client.stop();
+}
+
+void loop() {
+  // not used in this example
+}
+
+// Performance issue?
+// ------------------
+//
+// EthernetClient is an unbuffered stream, which is not optimal for ArduinoJson.
+// See: https://arduinojson.org/v7/how-to/improve-speed/
+
+// See also
+// --------
+//
+// https://arduinojson.org/ contains the documentation for all the functions
+// used above. It also includes an FAQ that will help you solve any
+// serialization  problem.
+//
+// The book "Mastering ArduinoJson" contains a tutorial on deserialization
+// showing how to parse the response from GitHub's API. In the last chapter,
+// it shows how to parse the huge documents from OpenWeatherMap
+// and Reddit.
+// Learn more at https://arduinojson.org/book/
+// Use the coupon code TWENTY for a 20% discount ❤❤❤❤❤
@@ -0,0 +1,65 @@
+// ArduinoJson - https://arduinojson.org
+// Copyright © 2014-2026, Benoit BLANCHON
+// MIT License
+//
+// This example shows how to deserialize a JSON document with ArduinoJson.
+//
+// https://arduinojson.org/v7/example/parser/
+
+#include <ArduinoJson.h>
+
+void setup() {
+  // Initialize serial port
+  Serial.begin(9600);
+  while (!Serial)
+    continue;
+
+  // Allocate the JSON document
+  JsonDocument doc;
+
+  // JSON input string.
+  const char* json =
+      "{\"sensor\":\"gps\",\"time\":1351824120,\"data\":[48.756080,2.302038]}";
+
+  // Deserialize the JSON document
+  DeserializationError error = deserializeJson(doc, json);
+
+  // Test if parsing succeeds
+  if (error) {
+    Serial.print(F("deserializeJson() failed: "));
+    Serial.println(error.f_str());
+    return;
+  }
+
+  // Fetch the values
+  //
+  // Most of the time, you can rely on the implicit casts.
+  // In other case, you can do doc["time"].as<long>();
+  const char* sensor = doc["sensor"];
+  long time = doc["time"];
+  double latitude = doc["data"][0];
+  double longitude = doc["data"][1];
+
+  // Print the values
+  Serial.println(sensor);
+  Serial.println(time);
+  Serial.println(latitude, 6);
+  Serial.println(longitude, 6);
+}
+
+void loop() {
+  // not used in this example
+}
+
+// See also
+// --------
+//
+// https://arduinojson.org/ contains the documentation for all the functions
+// used above. It also includes an FAQ that will help you solve any
+// deserialization problem.
+//
+// The book "Mastering ArduinoJson" contains a tutorial on deserialization.
+// It begins with a simple example, like the one above, and then adds more
+// features like deserializing directly from a file or an HTTP request.
+// Learn more at https://arduinojson.org/book/
+// Use the coupon code TWENTY for a 20% discount ❤❤❤❤❤
@@ -0,0 +1,118 @@
+// ArduinoJson - https://arduinojson.org
+// Copyright © 2014-2026, Benoit BLANCHON
+// MIT License
+//
+// This example shows how to implement an HTTP server that sends a JSON document
+// in the response.
+// It uses the Ethernet library but can be easily adapted for Wifi.
+//
+// The JSON document contains the values of the analog and digital pins.
+// It looks like that:
+// {
+//   "analog": [0, 76, 123, 158, 192, 205],
+//   "digital": [1, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 1, 0, 0]
+// }
+//
+// https://arduinojson.org/v7/example/http-server/
+
+#include <ArduinoJson.h>
+#include <Ethernet.h>
+#include <SPI.h>
+
+byte mac[] = {0xDE, 0xAD, 0xBE, 0xEF, 0xFE, 0xED};
+EthernetServer server(80);
+
+void setup() {
+  // Initialize serial port
+  Serial.begin(9600);
+  while (!Serial)
+    continue;
+
+  // Initialize Ethernet libary
+  if (!Ethernet.begin(mac)) {
+    Serial.println(F("Failed to initialize Ethernet library"));
+    return;
+  }
+
+  // Start to listen
+  server.begin();
+
+  Serial.println(F("Server is ready."));
+  Serial.print(F("Please connect to http://"));
+  Serial.println(Ethernet.localIP());
+}
+
+void loop() {
+  // Wait for an incomming connection
+  EthernetClient client = server.available();
+
+  // Do we have a client?
+  if (!client)
+    return;
+
+  Serial.println(F("New client"));
+
+  // Read the request (we ignore the content in this example)
+  while (client.available())
+    client.read();
+
+  // Allocate a temporary JsonDocument
+  JsonDocument doc;
+
+  // Create the "analog" array
+  JsonArray analogValues = doc["analog"].to<JsonArray>();
+  for (int pin = 0; pin < 6; pin++) {
+    // Read the analog input
+    int value = analogRead(pin);
+
+    // Add the value at the end of the array
+    analogValues.add(value);
+  }
+
+  // Create the "digital" array
+  JsonArray digitalValues = doc["digital"].to<JsonArray>();
+  for (int pin = 0; pin < 14; pin++) {
+    // Read the digital input
+    int value = digitalRead(pin);
+
+    // Add the value at the end of the array
+    digitalValues.add(value);
+  }
+
+  Serial.print(F("Sending: "));
+  serializeJson(doc, Serial);
+  Serial.println();
+
+  // Write response headers
+  client.println(F("HTTP/1.0 200 OK"));
+  client.println(F("Content-Type: application/json"));
+  client.println(F("Connection: close"));
+  client.print(F("Content-Length: "));
+  client.println(measureJsonPretty(doc));
+  client.println();
+
+  // Write JSON document
+  serializeJsonPretty(doc, client);
+
+  // Disconnect
+  client.stop();
+}
+
+// Performance issue?
+// ------------------
+//
+// EthernetClient is an unbuffered stream, which is not optimal for ArduinoJson.
+// See: https://arduinojson.org/v7/how-to/improve-speed/
+
+// See also
+// --------
+//
+// https://arduinojson.org/ contains the documentation for all the functions
+// used above. It also includes an FAQ that will help you solve any
+// serialization problem.
+//
+// The book "Mastering ArduinoJson" contains a tutorial on serialization.
+// It begins with a simple example, then adds more features like serializing
+// directly to a file or an HTTP client.
+// Learn more at https://arduinojson.org/book/
+// Use the coupon code TWENTY for a 20% discount ❤❤❤❤❤
@@ -0,0 +1,106 @@
+// ArduinoJson - https://arduinojson.org
+// Copyright © 2014-2026, Benoit BLANCHON
+// MIT License
+//
+// This example shows how to send a JSON document to a UDP socket.
+// At regular interval, it sends a UDP packet that contains the status of
+// analog and digital pins.
+// It looks like that:
+// {
+//   "analog": [0, 76, 123, 158, 192, 205],
+//   "digital": [1, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 1, 0, 0]
+// }
+//
+// If you want to test this program, you need to be able to receive the UDP
+// packets.
+// For example, you can run netcat on your computer
+// $ ncat -ulp 8888
+// See https://nmap.org/ncat/
+//
+// https://arduinojson.org/v7/example/udp-beacon/
+
+#include <ArduinoJson.h>
+#include <Ethernet.h>
+#include <SPI.h>
+
+byte mac[] = {0xDE, 0xAD, 0xBE, 0xEF, 0xFE, 0xED};
+IPAddress remoteIp(192, 168, 0, 108);  // <- EDIT!!!!
+unsigned short remotePort = 8888;
+unsigned short localPort = 8888;
+EthernetUDP udp;
+
+void setup() {
+  // Initialize serial port
+  Serial.begin(9600);
+  while (!Serial)
+    continue;
+
+  // Initialize Ethernet libary
+  if (!Ethernet.begin(mac)) {
+    Serial.println(F("Failed to initialize Ethernet library"));
+    return;
+  }
+
+  // Enable UDP
+  udp.begin(localPort);
+}
+
+void loop() {
+  // Allocate a temporary JsonDocument
+  JsonDocument doc;
+
+  // Create the "analog" array
+  JsonArray analogValues = doc["analog"].to<JsonArray>();
+  for (int pin = 0; pin < 6; pin++) {
+    // Read the analog input
+    int value = analogRead(pin);
+
+    // Add the value at the end of the array
+    analogValues.add(value);
+  }
+
+  // Create the "digital" array
+  JsonArray digitalValues = doc["digital"].to<JsonArray>();
+  for (int pin = 0; pin < 14; pin++) {
+    // Read the digital input
+    int value = digitalRead(pin);
+
+    // Add the value at the end of the array
+    digitalValues.add(value);
+  }
+
+  // Log
+  Serial.print(F("Sending to "));
+  Serial.print(remoteIp);
+  Serial.print(F(" on port "));
+  Serial.println(remotePort);
+  serializeJson(doc, Serial);
+
+  // Send UDP packet
+  udp.beginPacket(remoteIp, remotePort);
+  serializeJson(doc, udp);
+  udp.println();
+  udp.endPacket();
+
+  // Wait
+  delay(10000);
+}
+
+// Performance issue?
+// ------------------
+//
+// EthernetUDP is an unbuffered stream, which is not optimal for ArduinoJson.
+// See: https://arduinojson.org/v7/how-to/improve-speed/
+
+// See also
+// --------
+//
+// https://arduinojson.org/ contains the documentation for all the functions
+// used above. It also includes an FAQ that will help you solve any
+// serialization problem.
+//
+// The book "Mastering ArduinoJson" contains a tutorial on serialization.
+// It begins with a simple example, then adds more features like serializing
+// directly to a file or any stream.
+// Learn more at https://arduinojson.org/book/
+// Use the coupon code TWENTY for a 20% discount ❤❤❤❤❤
@@ -0,0 +1,61 @@
+// ArduinoJson - https://arduinojson.org
+// Copyright © 2014-2026, Benoit BLANCHON
+// MIT License
+//
+// This example shows how to deserialize a MessagePack document with
+// ArduinoJson.
+//
+// https://arduinojson.org/v7/example/msgpack-parser/
+
+#include <ArduinoJson.h>
+
+void setup() {
+  // Initialize serial port
+  Serial.begin(9600);
+  while (!Serial)
+    continue;
+
+  // Allocate the JSON document
+  JsonDocument doc;
+
+  // The MessagePack input string
+  uint8_t input[] = {131, 166, 115, 101, 110, 115, 111, 114, 163, 103, 112, 115,
+                     164, 116, 105, 109, 101, 206, 80,  147, 50,  248, 164, 100,
+                     97,  116, 97,  146, 203, 64,  72,  96,  199, 58,  188, 148,
+                     112, 203, 64,  2,   106, 146, 230, 33,  49,  169};
+  // This MessagePack document contains:
+  // {
+  //   "sensor": "gps",
+  //   "time": 1351824120,
+  //   "data": [48.75608, 2.302038]
+  // }
+
+  // Parse the input
+  DeserializationError error = deserializeMsgPack(doc, input);
+
+  // Test if parsing succeeded
+  if (error) {
+    Serial.print("deserializeMsgPack() failed: ");
+    Serial.println(error.f_str());
+    return;
+  }
+
+  // Fetch the values
+  //
+  // Most of the time, you can rely on the implicit casts.
+  // In other case, you can do doc["time"].as<long>();
+  const char* sensor = doc["sensor"];
+  long time = doc["time"];
+  double latitude = doc["data"][0];
+  double longitude = doc["data"][1];
+
+  // Print the values
+  Serial.println(sensor);
+  Serial.println(time);
+  Serial.println(latitude, 6);
+  Serial.println(longitude, 6);
+}
+
+void loop() {
+  // not used in this example
+}
@@ -0,0 +1,63 @@
+// ArduinoJson - https://arduinojson.org
+// Copyright © 2014-2026, Benoit BLANCHON
+// MIT License
+//
+// This example shows the different ways you can use Flash strings with
+// ArduinoJson.
+//
+// Use Flash strings sparingly, because ArduinoJson duplicates them in the
+// JsonDocument. Prefer plain old char*, as they are more efficient in term of
+// code size, speed, and memory usage.
+//
+// https://arduinojson.org/v7/example/progmem/
+
+#include <ArduinoJson.h>
+
+void setup() {
+  JsonDocument doc;
+
+  // You can use a Flash String as your JSON input.
+  // WARNING: the strings in the input will be duplicated in the JsonDocument.
+  deserializeJson(doc, F("{\"sensor\":\"gps\",\"time\":1351824120,"
+                         "\"data\":[48.756080,2.302038]}"));
+
+  // You can use a Flash String as a key to get a member from JsonDocument
+  // No duplication is done.
+  long time = doc[F("time")];
+
+  // You can use a Flash String as a key to set a member of a JsonDocument
+  // WARNING: the content of the Flash String will be duplicated in the
+  // JsonDocument.
+  doc[F("time")] = time;
+
+  // You can set a Flash String as the content of a JsonVariant
+  // WARNING: the content of the Flash String will be duplicated in the
+  // JsonDocument.
+  doc["sensor"] = F("gps");
+
+  // It works with serialized() too:
+  doc["sensor"] = serialized(F("\"gps\""));
+  doc["sensor"] = serialized(F("\xA3gps"), 3);
+
+  // You can compare the content of a JsonVariant to a Flash String
+  if (doc["sensor"] == F("gps")) {
+    // ...
+  }
+}
+
+void loop() {
+  // not used in this example
+}
+
+// See also
+// --------
+//
+// https://arduinojson.org/ contains the documentation for all the functions
+// used above. It also includes an FAQ that will help you solve any memory
+// problem.
+//
+// The book "Mastering ArduinoJson" contains a quick C++ course that explains
+// how your microcontroller stores strings in memory. It also tells why you
+// should not abuse Flash strings with ArduinoJson.
+// Learn more at https://arduinojson.org/book/
+// Use the coupon code TWENTY for a 20% discount ❤❤❤❤❤
@@ -0,0 +1,76 @@
+// ArduinoJson - https://arduinojson.org
+// Copyright © 2014-2026, Benoit BLANCHON
+// MIT License
+//
+// This example shows the different ways you can use String with ArduinoJson.
+//
+// Use String objects sparingly, because ArduinoJson duplicates them in the
+// JsonDocument. Prefer plain old char[], as they are more efficient in term of
+// code size, speed, and memory usage.
+//
+// https://arduinojson.org/v7/example/string/
+
+#include <ArduinoJson.h>
+
+void setup() {
+  JsonDocument doc;
+
+  // You can use a String as your JSON input.
+  // WARNING: the string in the input  will be duplicated in the JsonDocument.
+  String input =
+      "{\"sensor\":\"gps\",\"time\":1351824120,\"data\":[48.756080,2.302038]}";
+  deserializeJson(doc, input);
+
+  // You can use a String as a key to get a member from JsonDocument
+  // No duplication is done.
+  long time = doc[String("time")];
+
+  // You can use a String as a key to set a member of a JsonDocument
+  // WARNING: the content of the String will be duplicated in the JsonDocument.
+  doc[String("time")] = time;
+
+  // You can get the content of a JsonVariant as a String
+  // No duplication is done, at least not in the JsonDocument.
+  String sensor = doc["sensor"];
+
+  // Unfortunately, the following doesn't work (issue #118):
+  // sensor = doc["sensor"]; // <-  error "ambiguous overload for 'operator='"
+  // As a workaround, you need to replace by:
+  sensor = doc["sensor"].as<String>();
+
+  // You can set a String as the content of a JsonVariant
+  // WARNING: the content of the String will be duplicated in the JsonDocument.
+  doc["sensor"] = sensor;
+
+  // It works with serialized() too:
+  doc["sensor"] = serialized(sensor);
+
+  // You can also concatenate strings
+  // WARNING: the content of the String will be duplicated in the JsonDocument.
+  doc[String("sen") + "sor"] = String("gp") + "s";
+
+  // You can compare the content of a JsonObject with a String
+  if (doc["sensor"] == sensor) {
+    // ...
+  }
+
+  // Lastly, you can print the resulting JSON to a String
+  String output;
+  serializeJson(doc, output);
+}
+
+void loop() {
+  // not used in this example
+}
+
+// See also
+// --------
+//
+// https://arduinojson.org/ contains the documentation for all the functions
+// used above. It also includes an FAQ that will help you solve any problem.
+//
+// The book "Mastering ArduinoJson" contains a quick C++ course that explains
+// how your microcontroller stores strings in memory. On several occasions, it
+// shows how you can avoid String in your program.
+// Learn more at https://arduinojson.org/book/
+// Use the coupon code TWENTY for a 20% discount ❤❤❤❤❤
@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+@PACKAGE_INIT@
+
+include("${CMAKE_CURRENT_LIST_DIR}/@PROJECT_NAME@Targets.cmake")
+check_required_components("@PROJECT_NAME@")
@@ -0,0 +1,112 @@
+if(NOT DEFINED COVERAGE)
+	set(COVERAGE OFF)
+endif()
+
+if(CMAKE_CXX_COMPILER_ID MATCHES "(GNU|Clang)")
+	add_compile_options(
+		-pedantic
+		-Wall
+		-Wcast-align
+		-Wcast-qual
+		-Wconversion
+		-Wctor-dtor-privacy
+		-Wdisabled-optimization
+		-Werror
+		-Wextra
+		-Wformat=2
+		-Winit-self
+		-Wmissing-include-dirs
+		-Wnon-virtual-dtor
+		-Wold-style-cast
+		-Woverloaded-virtual
+		-Wparentheses
+		-Wredundant-decls
+		-Wshadow
+		-Wsign-conversion
+		-Wsign-promo
+		-Wstrict-aliasing
+		-Wundef
+	)
+
+	if(${COVERAGE})
+		set(CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS "-fprofile-arcs -ftest-coverage")
+	endif()
+endif()
+
+if(CMAKE_CXX_COMPILER_ID STREQUAL "GNU")
+	if((CMAKE_CXX_COMPILER_VERSION VERSION_GREATER 4.9) AND(NOT ${COVERAGE}))
+		add_compile_options(-g -Og)
+	else() # GCC 4.8
+		add_compile_options(
+			-g
+			-O0 # GCC 4.8 doesn't support -Og
+			-Wno-shadow  # allow the same name for a function parameter and a member functions
+			-Wp,-w  # Disable preprocessing warnings (see below)
+		)
+		# GCC 4.8 doesn't support __has_include, so we need to help him
+		add_definitions(
+			-DARDUINOJSON_ENABLE_STD_STRING=1
+			-DARDUINOJSON_ENABLE_STD_STREAM=1
+		)
+	endif()
+
+	add_compile_options(
+		-Wstrict-null-sentinel
+		-Wno-vla # Allow VLA in tests
+	)
+	add_definitions(-DHAS_VARIABLE_LENGTH_ARRAY)
+
+	if(CMAKE_CXX_COMPILER_VERSION VERSION_GREATER 4.5)
+		add_compile_options(-Wlogical-op) # the flag exists in 4.4 but is buggy
+	endif()
+
+	if(CMAKE_CXX_COMPILER_VERSION VERSION_GREATER 4.6)
+		add_compile_options(-Wnoexcept)
+	endif()
+endif()
+
+if(CMAKE_CXX_COMPILER_ID MATCHES "Clang")
+	add_compile_options(
+		-Wc++11-compat
+		-Wdeprecated-register
+		-Wno-vla-extension # Allow VLA in tests
+	)
+	add_definitions(
+		-DHAS_VARIABLE_LENGTH_ARRAY
+		-DSUBSCRIPT_CONFLICTS_WITH_BUILTIN_OPERATOR
+	)
+endif()
+
+if(CMAKE_CXX_COMPILER_ID STREQUAL "Clang")
+	add_compile_options(-stdlib=libc++)
+	link_libraries(c++ m)
+
+	if((CMAKE_CXX_COMPILER_VERSION VERSION_GREATER 4.0) AND(NOT ${COVERAGE}))
+		add_compile_options(-g -Og)
+	else()
+		add_compile_options(-g -O0)
+	endif()
+endif()
+
+if(CMAKE_CXX_COMPILER_ID STREQUAL "AppleClang")
+	if((CMAKE_CXX_COMPILER_VERSION VERSION_GREATER 9.0) AND(NOT ${COVERAGE}))
+		add_compile_options(-g -Og)
+	else()
+		add_compile_options(-g -O0)
+	endif()
+endif()
+
+if(MSVC)
+	add_definitions(-D_CRT_SECURE_NO_WARNINGS)
+	add_compile_options(
+		/W4 # Set warning level
+		/WX # Treats all compiler warnings as errors.
+		/Zc:__cplusplus # Enable updated __cplusplus macro
+	)
+endif()
+
+if(MINGW)
+	# Static link on MinGW to avoid linking with the wrong DLLs when multiple
+	# versions are installed.
+	add_link_options(-static)
+endif()
@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+# ArduinoJson - https://arduinojson.org
+# Copyright © 2014-2026, Benoit BLANCHON
+# MIT License
+
+cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 3.5)
+
+include($ENV{IDF_PATH}/tools/cmake/project.cmake)
+project(example)
@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+# ArduinoJson - https://arduinojson.org
+# Copyright © 2014-2026, Benoit BLANCHON
+# MIT License
+
+idf_component_register(
+	SRCS "main.cpp"
+	INCLUDE_DIRS ""
+)
@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+#
+# "main" pseudo-component makefile.
+#
+# (Uses default behaviour of compiling all source files in directory, adding 'include' to include path.)
@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+// ArduinoJson - https://arduinojson.org
+// Copyright © 2014-2026, Benoit BLANCHON
+// MIT License
+
+#include <ArduinoJson.h>
+
+extern "C" void app_main() {
+  char buffer[256];
+  JsonDocument doc;
+
+  doc["hello"] = "world";
+  serializeJson(doc, buffer);
+  deserializeJson(doc, buffer);
+  serializeMsgPack(doc, buffer);
+  deserializeMsgPack(doc, buffer);
+}
@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+#!/bin/sh -ex
+
+BOARD=$1
+
+cd "$(dirname "$0")/../../"
+
+cp extras/particle/src/smocktest.ino src/
+cp extras/particle/project.properties ./
+
+particle compile "$BOARD"
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+#include <ArduinoJson.h>
+
+static_assert(ARDUINOJSON_ENABLE_PROGMEM == 1, "ARDUINOJSON_ENABLE_PROGMEM");
+
+static_assert(ARDUINOJSON_USE_LONG_LONG == 0, "ARDUINOJSON_USE_LONG_LONG");
+
+static_assert(ARDUINOJSON_SLOT_ID_SIZE == 1, "ARDUINOJSON_SLOT_ID_SIZE");
+
+static_assert(ARDUINOJSON_POOL_CAPACITY == 16, "ARDUINOJSON_POOL_CAPACITY");
+
+static_assert(ARDUINOJSON_LITTLE_ENDIAN == 1, "ARDUINOJSON_LITTLE_ENDIAN");
+
+static_assert(ARDUINOJSON_USE_DOUBLE == 0, "ARDUINOJSON_USE_DOUBLE");
+
+static_assert(ArduinoJson::detail::ResourceManager::slotSize == 6, "slot size");
+
+void setup() {}
+void loop() {}
@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+#include <ArduinoJson.h>
+
+static_assert(ARDUINOJSON_USE_LONG_LONG == 1, "ARDUINOJSON_USE_LONG_LONG");
+
+static_assert(ARDUINOJSON_SLOT_ID_SIZE == 2, "ARDUINOJSON_SLOT_ID_SIZE");
+
+static_assert(ARDUINOJSON_POOL_CAPACITY == 128, "ARDUINOJSON_POOL_CAPACITY");
+
+static_assert(ARDUINOJSON_LITTLE_ENDIAN == 1, "ARDUINOJSON_LITTLE_ENDIAN");
+
+static_assert(ARDUINOJSON_USE_DOUBLE == 1, "ARDUINOJSON_USE_DOUBLE");
+
+static_assert(ArduinoJson::detail::ResourceManager::slotSize == 8, "slot size");
+
+void setup() {}
+void loop() {}
@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+#include <ArduinoJson.h>
+
+static_assert(ARDUINOJSON_USE_LONG_LONG == 1, "ARDUINOJSON_USE_LONG_LONG");
+
+static_assert(ARDUINOJSON_SLOT_ID_SIZE == 4, "ARDUINOJSON_SLOT_ID_SIZE");
+
+static_assert(ARDUINOJSON_POOL_CAPACITY == 256, "ARDUINOJSON_POOL_CAPACITY");
+
+static_assert(ARDUINOJSON_LITTLE_ENDIAN == 1, "ARDUINOJSON_LITTLE_ENDIAN");
+
+static_assert(ARDUINOJSON_USE_DOUBLE == 1, "ARDUINOJSON_USE_DOUBLE");
+
+static_assert(ArduinoJson::detail::ResourceManager::slotSize == 16,
+              "slot size");
+
+int main() {}
@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+#include <ArduinoJson.h>
+
+static_assert(ARDUINOJSON_USE_LONG_LONG == 1, "ARDUINOJSON_USE_LONG_LONG");
+
+static_assert(ARDUINOJSON_SLOT_ID_SIZE == 2, "ARDUINOJSON_SLOT_ID_SIZE");
+
+static_assert(ARDUINOJSON_POOL_CAPACITY == 128, "ARDUINOJSON_POOL_CAPACITY");
+
+static_assert(ARDUINOJSON_LITTLE_ENDIAN == 1, "ARDUINOJSON_LITTLE_ENDIAN");
+
+static_assert(ARDUINOJSON_USE_DOUBLE == 1, "ARDUINOJSON_USE_DOUBLE");
+
+static_assert(ArduinoJson::detail::ResourceManager::slotSize == 8, "slot size");
+
+int main() {}
@@ -0,0 +1,67 @@
+# ArduinoJson - https://arduinojson.org
+# Copyright © 2014-2026, Benoit BLANCHON
+# MIT License
+
+set(CMAKE_CXX_STANDARD 11)
+set(CMAKE_CXX_STANDARD_REQUIRED ON)
+
+if(MSVC)
+	add_compile_options(-D_CRT_SECURE_NO_WARNINGS)
+endif()
+
+add_executable(msgpack_reproducer
+	msgpack_fuzzer.cpp
+	reproducer.cpp
+)
+target_link_libraries(msgpack_reproducer
+	ArduinoJson
+)
+
+add_executable(json_reproducer
+	json_fuzzer.cpp
+	reproducer.cpp
+)
+target_link_libraries(json_reproducer
+	ArduinoJson
+)
+
+macro(add_fuzzer name)
+	set(FUZZER "${name}_fuzzer")
+	set(CORPUS_DIR "${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/${name}_corpus")
+	set(SEED_CORPUS_DIR "${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/${name}_seed_corpus")
+	add_executable("${FUZZER}"
+		"${name}_fuzzer.cpp"
+	)
+	target_link_libraries("${FUZZER}"
+		ArduinoJson
+	)
+	set_target_properties("${FUZZER}"
+		PROPERTIES
+			COMPILE_FLAGS "-fprofile-instr-generate -fcoverage-mapping -fsanitize=fuzzer -fno-sanitize-recover=all"
+			LINK_FLAGS "-fprofile-instr-generate -fcoverage-mapping -fsanitize=fuzzer -fno-sanitize-recover=all"
+	)
+
+	add_test(
+		NAME "${FUZZER}"
+		COMMAND "${FUZZER}" "${CORPUS_DIR}" "${SEED_CORPUS_DIR}" -max_total_time=5 -timeout=1
+	)
+
+	set_tests_properties("${FUZZER}"
+		PROPERTIES
+		LABELS "Fuzzing"
+	)
+endmacro()
+
+# Needs Clang 6+ to compile
+if(CMAKE_CXX_COMPILER_ID STREQUAL "Clang" AND CMAKE_CXX_COMPILER_VERSION VERSION_GREATER_EQUAL 6)
+	if(DEFINED ENV{GITHUB_ACTIONS} AND CMAKE_CXX_COMPILER_VERSION MATCHES "^11\\.")
+		# Clang 11 fails on GitHub Actions with the following error:
+		# > ERROR: UndefinedBehaviorSanitizer failed to allocate 0x0 (0) bytes of SetAlternateSignalStack (error code: 22)
+		# > Sanitizer CHECK failed: /build/llvm-toolchain-11-mnvtwk/llvm-toolchain-11-11.1.0/compiler-rt/lib/sanitizer_common/sanitizer_common.cpp:54 ((0 && "unable to mmap")) != (0) (0, 0)
+		message(WARNING "Fuzzing is disabled on GitHub Actions to workaround a bug in Clang 11")
+		return()
+	endif()
+
+	add_fuzzer(json)
+	add_fuzzer(msgpack)
+endif()
@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+# CAUTION: this file is invoked by https://github.com/google/oss-fuzz
+
+CXXFLAGS += -I../../src -DARDUINOJSON_DEBUG=1 -std=c++11
+
+all: \
+	$(OUT)/json_fuzzer \
+	$(OUT)/json_fuzzer_seed_corpus.zip \
+	$(OUT)/json_fuzzer.options \
+	$(OUT)/msgpack_fuzzer \
+	$(OUT)/msgpack_fuzzer_seed_corpus.zip \
+	$(OUT)/msgpack_fuzzer.options
+
+$(OUT)/%_fuzzer: %_fuzzer.cpp $(shell find ../../src -type f)
+	$(CXX) $(CXXFLAGS) $< -o$@ $(LIB_FUZZING_ENGINE)
+
+$(OUT)/%_fuzzer_seed_corpus.zip: %_seed_corpus/*
+	zip -j $@ $?
+
+$(OUT)/%_fuzzer.options:
+	@echo "[libfuzzer]" > $@
+	@echo "max_len = 256" >> $@
+	@echo "timeout = 10" >> $@
@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+#include <ArduinoJson.h>
+
+extern "C" int LLVMFuzzerTestOneInput(const uint8_t* data, size_t size) {
+  JsonDocument doc;
+  DeserializationError error = deserializeJson(doc, data, size);
+  if (!error) {
+    std::string json;
+    serializeJson(doc, json);
+  }
+  return 0;
+}
@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+//comment
+/*comment*/
+[ //comment
+/*comment*/"comment"/*comment*/,//comment
+/*comment*/{//comment
+/* comment*/"key"//comment
+: //comment
+"value"//comment
+}/*comment*/
+]//comment
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+[]
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+{}
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+[1,[2,[3,[4,[5,[6,[7,[8,[9,[10,[11,[12,[13,[14,[15,[16,[17,[18,[19,[20,[21,[22,[23,[24,[25,[26,[27,[28,[29,[30,[31,[32,[33,[34,[35,[36,[37,[38,[39,[40,[41,[42,[43,[44,[45,[46,[47,[48,[49,[50,[51,[52,[53,[54,[55,[56,[57,[58,[59,[60,[61,[62,[63,[64,[65,[66,[67,[68,[69,[70,[71,[72,[73,[74,[75,[76,[77,[78,[79,[80,[81,[82,[83,[84,[85,[86,[87,[88,[89,[90,[91,[92,[93,[94,[95,[96,[97,[98,[99,[100,[101,[102,[103,[104,[105,[106,[107,[108,[109,[110,[111,[112,[113,[114,[115,[116,[117,[118,[119,[120]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+9720730739393920739
@@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
+[
+  123,
+  -123,
+  123.456,
+  -123.456,
+  12e34,
+  12e-34,
+  12e+34,
+  12E34,
+  12E-34,
+  12E+34,
+  12.34e56,
+  12.34e-56,
+  12.34e+56,
+  12.34E56,
+  12.34E-56,
+  12.34E+56,
+  NaN,
+  -NaN,
+  +NaN,
+  Infinity,
+  +Infinity,
+  -Infinity
+]
@@ -0,0 +1,53 @@
+{
+  "coord": {
+    "lon": -0.13,
+    "lat": 51.51
+  },
+  "weather": [
+    {
+      "id": 301,
+      "main": "Drizzle",
+      "description": "drizzle",
+      "icon": "09n"
+    },
+    {
+      "id": 701,
+      "main": "Mist",
+      "description": "mist",
+      "icon": "50n"
+    },
+    {
+      "id": 741,
+      "main": "Fog",
+      "description": "fog",
+      "icon": "50n"
+    }
+  ],
+  "base": "stations",
+  "main": {
+    "temp": 281.87,
+    "pressure": 1032,
+    "humidity": 100,
+    "temp_min": 281.15,
+    "temp_max": 283.15
+  },
+  "visibility": 2900,
+  "wind": {
+    "speed": 1.5
+  },
+  "clouds": {
+    "all": 90
+  },
+  "dt": 1483820400,
+  "sys": {
+    "type": 1,
+    "id": 5091,
+    "message": 0.0226,
+    "country": "GB",
+    "sunrise": 1483776245,
+    "sunset": 1483805443
+  },
+  "id": 2643743,
+  "name": "London",
+  "cod": 200
+}
@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+[
+  "hello",
+  'hello',
+  hello,
+  {"hello":"world"},
+  {'hello':'world'},
+  {hello:world}
+]
@@ -0,0 +1,90 @@
+{
+  "response": {
+    "version": "0.1",
+    "termsofService": "http://www.wunderground.com/weather/api/d/terms.html",
+    "features": {
+      "conditions": 1
+    }
+  },
+  "current_observation": {
+    "image": {
+      "url": "http://icons-ak.wxug.com/graphics/wu2/logo_130x80.png",
+      "title": "Weather Underground",
+      "link": "http://www.wunderground.com"
+    },
+    "display_location": {
+      "full": "San Francisco, CA",
+      "city": "San Francisco",
+      "state": "CA",
+      "state_name": "California",
+      "country": "US",
+      "country_iso3166": "US",
+      "zip": "94101",
+      "latitude": "37.77500916",
+      "longitude": "-122.41825867",
+      "elevation": "47.00000000"
+    },
+    "observation_location": {
+      "full": "SOMA - Near Van Ness, San Francisco, California",
+      "city": "SOMA - Near Van Ness, San Francisco",
+      "state": "California",
+      "country": "US",
+      "country_iso3166": "US",
+      "latitude": "37.773285",
+      "longitude": "-122.417725",
+      "elevation": "49 ft"
+    },
+    "estimated": {},
+    "station_id": "KCASANFR58",
+    "observation_time": "Last Updated on June 27, 5:27 PM PDT",
+    "observation_time_rfc822": "Wed, 27 Jun 2012 17:27:13 -0700",
+    "observation_epoch": "1340843233",
+    "local_time_rfc822": "Wed, 27 Jun 2012 17:27:14 -0700",
+    "local_epoch": "1340843234",
+    "local_tz_short": "PDT",
+    "local_tz_long": "America/Los_Angeles",
+    "local_tz_offset": "-0700",
+    "weather": "Partly Cloudy",
+    "temperature_string": "66.3 F (19.1 C)",
+    "temp_f": 66.3,
+    "temp_c": 19.1,
+    "relative_humidity": "65%",
+    "wind_string": "From the NNW at 22.0 MPH Gusting to 28.0 MPH",
+    "wind_dir": "NNW",
+    "wind_degrees": 346,
+    "wind_mph": 22,
+    "wind_gust_mph": "28.0",
+    "wind_kph": 35.4,
+    "wind_gust_kph": "45.1",
+    "pressure_mb": "1013",
+    "pressure_in": "29.93",
+    "pressure_trend": "+",
+    "dewpoint_string": "54 F (12 C)",
+    "dewpoint_f": 54,
+    "dewpoint_c": 12,
+    "heat_index_string": "NA",
+    "heat_index_f": "NA",
+    "heat_index_c": "NA",
+    "windchill_string": "NA",
+    "windchill_f": "NA",
+    "windchill_c": "NA",
+    "feelslike_string": "66.3 F (19.1 C)",
+    "feelslike_f": "66.3",
+    "feelslike_c": "19.1",
+    "visibility_mi": "10.0",
+    "visibility_km": "16.1",
+    "solarradiation": "",
+    "UV": "5",
+    "precip_1hr_string": "0.00 in ( 0 mm)",
+    "precip_1hr_in": "0.00",
+    "precip_1hr_metric": " 0",
+    "precip_today_string": "0.00 in (0 mm)",
+    "precip_today_in": "0.00",
+    "precip_today_metric": "0",
+    "icon": "partlycloudy",
+    "icon_url": "http://icons-ak.wxug.com/i/c/k/partlycloudy.gif",
+    "forecast_url": "http://www.wunderground.com/US/CA/San_Francisco.html",
+    "history_url": "http://www.wunderground.com/history/airport/KCASANFR58/2012/6/27/DailyHistory.html",
+    "ob_url": "http://www.wunderground.com/cgi-bin/findweather/getForecast?query=37.773285,-122.417725"
+  }
+}
@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+#include <ArduinoJson.h>
+
+extern "C" int LLVMFuzzerTestOneInput(const uint8_t* data, size_t size) {
+  JsonDocument doc;
+  DeserializationError error = deserializeMsgPack(doc, data, size);
+  if (!error) {
+    std::string json;
+    serializeMsgPack(doc, json);
+  }
+  return 0;
+}
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+�
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+’¥hello¥world
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+�
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+‚£one£two
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+«hello world
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+ﾊ@H�
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+Л@	!КАѓo
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+拮�
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+Ҷi�.
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+ﾓ4Vx埔ﾞ�
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+��
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+�
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+Ùhello
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+�
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+�09
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+�4Vx
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+ﾏ4Vx埔ﾞ�
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+��
@@ -0,0 +1,50 @@
+// ArduinoJson - https://arduinojson.org
+// Copyright © 2014-2026, Benoit BLANCHON
+// MIT License
+
+// This file is NOT use by Google's OSS fuzz
+// I only use it to reproduce the bugs found
+
+#include <stdint.h>  // size_t
+#include <stdio.h>   // fopen et al.
+#include <stdlib.h>  // exit
+#include <iostream>
+#include <vector>
+
+extern "C" int LLVMFuzzerTestOneInput(const uint8_t* data, size_t size);
+
+std::vector<uint8_t> read(const char* path) {
+  FILE* f = fopen(path, "rb");
+  if (!f) {
+    std::cerr << "Failed to open " << path << std::endl;
+    exit(1);
+  }
+
+  fseek(f, 0, SEEK_END);
+  size_t size = static_cast<size_t>(ftell(f));
+  fseek(f, 0, SEEK_SET);
+
+  std::vector<uint8_t> buffer(size);
+  if (fread(buffer.data(), 1, size, f) != size) {
+    fclose(f);
+    std::cerr << "Failed to read " << path << std::endl;
+    exit(1);
+  }
+
+  fclose(f);
+  return buffer;
+}
+
+int main(int argc, const char* argv[]) {
+  if (argc < 2) {
+    std::cerr << "Usage: msgpack_fuzzer files" << std::endl;
+    return 1;
+  }
+
+  for (int i = 1; i < argc; i++) {
+    std::cout << "Loading " << argv[i] << std::endl;
+    std::vector<uint8_t> buffer = read(argv[i]);
+    LLVMFuzzerTestOneInput(buffer.data(), buffer.size());
+  }
+  return 0;
+}
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+name=ArduinoJsonCI
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+#include "ArduinoJson.h"
+
+void setup() {}
+
+void loop() {}
@@ -0,0 +1,65 @@
+#!/bin/bash
+
+set -e
+
+RE_RELATIVE_INCLUDE='^#[[:space:]]*include[[:space:]]*"(.*)"'
+RE_ABSOLUTE_INCLUDE='^#[[:space:]]*include[[:space:]]*<(ArduinoJson/.*)>'
+RE_SYSTEM_INCLUDE='^#[[:space:]]*include[[:space:]]*<(.*)>'
+RE_EMPTY='^(#[[:space:]]*pragma[[:space:]]+once)?[[:space:]]*(//.*)?$'
+SRC_DIRECTORY="$(realpath "$(dirname $0)/../../src")"
+
+
+declare -A INCLUDED
+
+process()
+{
+	local PARENT=$1
+	local FOLDER=$(dirname $1)
+	local SHOW_COMMENT=$2
+	while IFS= read -r LINE; do
+		if [[ $LINE =~ $RE_ABSOLUTE_INCLUDE ]]; then
+			local CHILD=${BASH_REMATCH[1]}
+			local CHILD_PATH
+			CHILD_PATH=$(realpath "$SRC_DIRECTORY/$CHILD")
+			echo "$PARENT -> $CHILD" >&2
+			if [[ ! ${INCLUDED[$CHILD_PATH]} ]]; then
+				INCLUDED[$CHILD_PATH]=true
+				process "$CHILD" false
+			fi
+		elif [[ $LINE =~ $RE_RELATIVE_INCLUDE ]]; then
+			local CHILD=${BASH_REMATCH[1]}
+			pushd "$FOLDER" > /dev/null
+			local CHILD_PATH
+			CHILD_PATH=$(realpath "$CHILD")
+			echo "$PARENT -> $CHILD" >&2
+			if [[ ! ${INCLUDED[$CHILD_PATH]} ]]; then
+				INCLUDED[$CHILD_PATH]=true
+				process "$CHILD" false
+			fi
+			popd > /dev/null
+		elif [[ $LINE =~ $RE_SYSTEM_INCLUDE ]]; then
+			local CHILD=${BASH_REMATCH[1]}
+			echo "$PARENT -> <$CHILD>" >&2
+			if [[ ! ${INCLUDED[$CHILD]} ]]; then
+				echo "#include <$CHILD>"
+				INCLUDED[$CHILD]=true
+			fi
+		elif [[ "${SHOW_COMMENT}" = "true" ]] ; then
+			echo "$LINE"
+		elif [[ ! $LINE =~ $RE_EMPTY ]]; then
+			echo "$LINE"
+		fi
+	done < $PARENT
+}
+
+simplify_namespaces() {
+	perl -p0i -e 's|ARDUINOJSON_END_PUBLIC_NAMESPACE\r?\nARDUINOJSON_BEGIN_PUBLIC_NAMESPACE\r?\n||igs' "$1"
+	perl -p0i -e 's|ARDUINOJSON_END_PRIVATE_NAMESPACE\r?\nARDUINOJSON_BEGIN_PRIVATE_NAMESPACE\r?\n||igs' "$1"
+	rm -f "$1.bak"
+}
+
+INCLUDED=()
+INPUT=$1
+OUTPUT=$2
+process "$INPUT" true > "$OUTPUT"
+simplify_namespaces "$OUTPUT"
@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+#!/usr/bin/awk -f
+
+# Start echoing after the first list item
+/\* / {
+    STARTED=1
+    EMPTY_LINE=0
+}
+
+# Remember if we have seen an empty line
+/^[[:space:]]*$/ {
+    EMPTY_LINE=1
+}
+
+# Exit when seeing a new version number
+/^v[[:digit:]]/ {
+    if (STARTED) exit
+}
+
+# Print if the line is not empty
+# and restore the empty line we have skipped
+!/^[[:space:]]*$/ {
+    if (STARTED) {
+        if (EMPTY_LINE) {
+            print ""
+            EMPTY_LINE=0
+        }
+        print
+    }
+}
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+#!/bin/bash
+
+set -eu
+
+VERSION="$1"
+CHANGELOG="$2"
+ARDUINOJSON_H="$3"
+
+cat << END
+---
+branch: v7
+version: $VERSION
+date: '$(date +'%Y-%m-%d')'
+$(extras/scripts/wandbox/publish.sh "$ARDUINOJSON_H")
+---
+
+$(extras/scripts/extract_changes.awk "$CHANGELOG")
+END
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env bash
+
+set -eu
+
+SOURCE_DIR="$(dirname "$0")/../.."
+WORK_DIR=$(mktemp -d)
+trap 'rm -rf "$WORK_DIR"' EXIT
+
+cp "$SOURCE_DIR/README.md" "$WORK_DIR/README.md"
+cp "$SOURCE_DIR/CHANGELOG.md" "$WORK_DIR/CHANGELOG.md"
+cp "$SOURCE_DIR/library.properties" "$WORK_DIR/library.properties"
+cp "$SOURCE_DIR/LICENSE.txt" "$WORK_DIR/LICENSE.txt"
+cp -r "$SOURCE_DIR/src" "$WORK_DIR/"
+cp -r "$SOURCE_DIR/examples" "$WORK_DIR/"
+
+cd "$WORK_DIR"
+particle library upload
+particle library publish
@@ -0,0 +1,87 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env bash
+
+set -eu
+
+which awk sed jq curl perl >/dev/null
+
+cd "$(dirname "$0")/../.."
+
+if ! git diff --quiet --exit-code; then
+	echo "Repository contains uncommitted changes"
+	exit
+fi
+
+VERSION="$1"
+DATE=$(date +%F)
+TAG="v$VERSION"
+VERSION_REGEX='[0-9]+\.[0-9]+\.[0-9]+(-[a-z0-9]+)?'
+STARS=$(curl -s https://api.github.com/repos/bblanchon/ArduinoJson | jq '.stargazers_count')
+
+update_version_in_source () {
+	IFS=".-" read MAJOR MINOR REVISION EXTRA < <(echo "$VERSION")
+	UNDERLINE=$(printf -- '-%.0s' $(seq 1 ${#TAG}))
+
+	sed -i~ -bE "1,20{s/$VERSION_REGEX/$VERSION/g}" README.md
+	rm README.md~
+
+	sed -i~ -bE "4s/HEAD/$TAG ($DATE)/; 5s/-+/$UNDERLINE/" CHANGELOG.md
+	rm CHANGELOG.md~
+
+	sed -i~ -bE "s/(project\\s*\\(ArduinoJson\\s+VERSION\\s+).*?\\)/\\1$MAJOR.$MINOR.$REVISION)/" CMakeLists.txt
+	rm CMakeLists.txt~
+
+	sed -i~ -bE \
+		-e "s/\"version\":.*$/\"version\": \"$VERSION\",/" \
+		-e "s/[0-9]+ stars/$STARS stars/" \
+		library.json
+	rm library.json~
+
+	sed -i~ -bE \
+		-e "s/version=.*$/version=$VERSION/" \
+		-e "s/[0-9]+ stars/$STARS stars/" \
+		library.properties
+	rm library.properties~
+
+	sed -i~ -bE "s/version: .*$/version: $VERSION.{build}/" appveyor.yml
+	rm appveyor.yml~
+
+	sed -i~ -bE \
+		-e "s/^version: .*$/version: \"$VERSION\"/" \
+		-e "s/[0-9]+ stars/$STARS stars/" \
+		idf_component.yml
+	rm idf_component.yml~
+
+	sed -i~ -bE \
+		-e "s/ARDUINOJSON_VERSION .*$/ARDUINOJSON_VERSION \"$VERSION\"/" \
+		-e "s/ARDUINOJSON_VERSION_MAJOR .*$/ARDUINOJSON_VERSION_MAJOR $MAJOR/" \
+		-e "s/ARDUINOJSON_VERSION_MINOR .*$/ARDUINOJSON_VERSION_MINOR $MINOR/" \
+		-e "s/ARDUINOJSON_VERSION_REVISION .*$/ARDUINOJSON_VERSION_REVISION $REVISION/" \
+		-e "s/ARDUINOJSON_VERSION_MACRO .*$/ARDUINOJSON_VERSION_MACRO V$MAJOR$MINOR$REVISION/" \
+		src/ArduinoJson/version.hpp
+	rm src/ArduinoJson/version.hpp*~
+}
+
+commit_new_version () {
+	git add src/ArduinoJson/version.hpp README.md CHANGELOG.md library.json library.properties appveyor.yml CMakeLists.txt idf_component.yml
+	git commit -m "Set version to $VERSION"
+}
+
+add_tag () {
+	CHANGES=$(awk '/\* /{ FOUND=1; print; next } { if (FOUND) exit}' CHANGELOG.md)
+	git tag -m "ArduinoJson $VERSION"$'\n'"$CHANGES" "$TAG"
+}
+
+push () {
+	git push --follow-tags
+}
+
+update_version_in_source
+commit_new_version
+add_tag
+push
+
+extras/scripts/build-single-header.sh "src/ArduinoJson.h" "../ArduinoJson-$TAG.h"
+extras/scripts/build-single-header.sh "src/ArduinoJson.hpp" "../ArduinoJson-$TAG.hpp"
+extras/scripts/get-release-page.sh "$VERSION" "CHANGELOG.md" "../ArduinoJson-$TAG.h" > "../ArduinoJson-$TAG.md"
+
+echo "You can now copy ../ArduinoJson-$TAG.md into arduinojson.org/collections/_versions/$VERSION.md"
				`@@ -0,0 +1 @@`
				[1,[2,[3,[4,[5,[6,[7,[8,[9,[10,[11,[12,[13,[14,[15,[16,[17,[18,[19,[20,[21,[22,[23,[24,[25,[26,[27,[28,[29,[30,[31,[32,[33,[34,[35,[36,[37,[38,[39,[40,[41,[42,[43,[44,[45,[46,[47,[48,[49,[50,[51,[52,[53,[54,[55,[56,[57,[58,[59,[60,[61,[62,[63,[64,[65,[66,[67,[68,[69,[70,[71,[72,[73,[74,[75,[76,[77,[78,[79,[80,[81,[82,[83,[84,[85,[86,[87,[88,[89,[90,[91,[92,[93,[94,[95,[96,[97,[98,[99,[100,[101,[102,[103,[104,[105,[106,[107,[108,[109,[110,[111,[112,[113,[114,[115,[116,[117,[118,[119,[120]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]